1. Jeremy M. Berg Editor-in-Chief, Science family of journals
Peer Review and Recognition: Audiences and Goals Transparency, Recognition, and Innovation in Peer Review, February 7th 2018
Jeremy M. Berg
Editor-in-Chief, Science family of journals

2. Peer Review Audiences: Journal Editors
Journals depend on robust peer review to guide publication decisions, improve manuscript quality, and increase credibility
Goals
Expert assessment of potential importance of findings
Technical analysis
Identification of other issues

3. Peer Review Audiences: Authors
Authors depend on peer review for the evaluation of their manuscripts
Goals
Framework for the assessment of their manuscripts under consideration for publication
Feedback on conceptual and technical issues associated with their manuscripts and associated projects

4. Peer Review Audiences: Others
Other reviewers
Science uses Cross Review in which reviews are shared (anonymously) between reviewers to allow comment and reassessment
Other journals allow reviewers to interact in other ways
Open peer review

5. Can peer review be improved?
Challenges
Can peer review be improved?
What are the benchmarks?
What areas of improvement are sought?
How can participation of appropriate reviewers be encouraged and achieved?
Can academic recognition processes be modified to incentivize desired behaviors?
Improved assessment of scientific contributions without flawed surrogates
Meaningful incorporation of desired community activities such as peer review in academic assessment