1. Module 6 Part B: Internet Resources
PubMed/Clinical Queries
PubMed/Filters
Additional Resources
27 July 2016

2. Conduct systematic reviews of the literature
(HINARI) PubMed
Conduct systematic reviews of the literature
Limit to specific populations & publication types
Utilize EBM built-in filters
Set up and distribute alerts relating to evidence-based medicine
27 July 2016

3. We now search for evidence-based articles using PubMed
We now search for evidence-based articles using PubMed. From the main HINARI webpage, go to PubMed by clicking on Search inside HINARI full- text using PubMed.
Remember you must login to HINARI to have access to the full-text articles.
27 July 2016

4. Open the Clinical Queries box
Open the Clinical Queries box. This search tool assigns filters to keyword searches - to locate articles on Clinical Studies, Systematic Reviews and Medical Genetics.
Note: for these PubMed applications, all individuals will have access to the free full text articles. The examples are from HINARI/PubMed searches and, for those properly logged in, will also include access to articles from HINARI participating publishers.
27 July 2016

5. On the PubMed Clinical Queries page, we have entered the pregnancy pregnancy complications AND developing countries search.
27 July 2016

6. Note: you can go directly to PubMed Clinical Queries.
The default search results for the Clinical Study Categories are Category: Therapy and Scope: Broad. Other options in the Category drop down menu are Etiology, Diagnosis, Prognosis and Clinical Prediction Guides. There are 1357 articles for Therapy: Broad and 165 articles for Systematic Reviews.
Note: you can go directly to PubMed Clinical Queries.
The direct link to PubMed Clinical Queries is
27 July 2016

7. For the Scope option, we will enter Narrow and for the same pregnancy complications AND developing countries search.
27 July 2016

8. The Therapy (Category) and Narrow (Scope) pregnancy complications AND developing countries search has resulted in 145 citations. We now will click on the See all option (bottom of the page).
Note that the results for Systematic Reviews and Medical Genetics also are displayed.
27 July 2016

9. We have displayed all 145 articles for this search including 80 HINARI and 80 Free Full Text articles. Remember - you can access the full-text articles by clicking on these Filters or changing the display from Summary to Abstract.
Note that the specific search is listed in the Search box including the AND (Therapy/Narrow[filter]) for clinical studies categories and systematic reviews.
Note: from a search results page, return to Clinical Queries by clicking on the PubMed.gov logo as this displays the initial PubMed Search page.
27 July 2016

10. After returning to the search results on the Clinical Queries page, we have clicked on the See all option for the systematic reviews results. The pregnancy complications AND developing countries AND systematic [sb] search resulted in 165 articles.
27 July 2016

11. Another tool from PubMed is using the Filters option – see the left-column. In the Article types filter list, click on Customize. Check the boxes for Meta-Analysis, Randomized Control Trial and Systematic Reviews Article types. Finally, click on the Show box.
Filters can be activated from any search results page. Remember to clear them before beginning other searches.
27 July 2016

12. Note how the various Filters have been displayed under the Article types list. You now can use of the filters with the hypertension AND diet search.
27 July 2016

13. We have checked the Meta-Analysis box in the Article types section and entered hypertension AND diet in the PubMed Search box. The search Results number is 86. Note the Filters activated: Meta- Analysis line below the Results number.
27 July 2016

14. Now displayed are the results of a hypertension AND diet search with the Systematic Reviews Article types filter activated. The citations for this search include 109 Free Full text and 167 HINARI articles.
27 July 2016

15. Now displayed are the results of a hypertension AND diet search with the Randomized Controlled Trial Article types filter activated. The citations for this search include 371 Free Full text and 689 HINARI articles.
27 July 2016

16. Remember to clear the filters.
The final displayed search are the results of a hypertension AND diet search with the Meta-Analysis, Systematic Reviews and Randomized Controlled Trial Article types filters activated. The citations for this search total 1598.
Remember to clear the filters.
27 July 2016

17. Additional Evidence-based Health Resources
PubMed Health provides information for consumers and clinicians on prevention and treatment of diseases and conditions. It specializes in reviews of clinical effectiveness research, with easy-to-read summaries for consumers as well as full technical reports. 
From the Contents drop down menu, access PubMed Health’s information in the following categories: For consumers, DARE Reviews, Executive summaries, Clinical guides, Full text reviews, Methods resources, and Drugs A-Z.
27 July 2016

18. To learn more about EBM, go to the online tutorial Introduction to Evidence-Based Medicine from the Health Sciences Library, University of North Carolina (USA):
27 July 2016

19. Additional Evidence-based Health Resources continued
Trip Database
Evidence Updates - BMJ and McMaster University
plus.mcmaster.ca/evidenceupdates/
Knowledge Translation Learning Modules – Canadian Institutes of Health Research
27 July 2016

20. Bandolier Knowledge: Oxford University
The Campbell Library
University of York: Center for Reviews and Dissemination
EBM Librarian
Listed here are some freely available websites that are useful resources for finding clinical and public health evidence.
27 July 2016

21. National Guidelines Clearinghouse www.guideline.gov/
McMaster PLUS collection hiru.mcmaster.ca/hiru/HIRU_McMaster_PLUS_projects.aspx
National Guidelines Clearinghouse
Grey Matters: a practical search tool for evidence-based medicine
27 July 2016

22. Additional Clinical Practice Guidelines resources
National Guideline Clearinghouse (USA)
Open Clinical: Clinical Practice Guidelines
27 July 2016

23. Review: 5 Steps to evidence-based health care
Step 1 Ask: Formulate your question
foreground clinical question
PICO format
population, intervention, comparison intervention, outcome
Step 2 Access: Search for the evidence – highest quality studies are included in a systematic review
types of studies
evidence hierarchies 
Here are some general comments to remember about evidence-based practice. We hope that this tutorial has led to a better understanding of what evidence-based practice is and how to efficiently find good evidence using HINARI resources.
27 July 2016

24. validity (internal & external) impact
Step 3: Appraise the evidence - use criteria to evaluate the studies for:
validity (internal & external)
impact
Step 4 Apply: Put the evidence into practice
patient
setting
Step 5: Assess progress and performance
yourself
27 July 2016

25. This is the end of HINARI Module 6
There is a Work Book to accompany this part of the module. The workbook will take you through a live session covering the topics included in this demonstration with working examples.
Updated
27 July 2016