1. By: Susan M. Pojer and Elizabeth Atchison
The French Revolution
By: Susan M. Pojer and Elizabeth Atchison

2. Marie Antoinette & Louis XVI
The French Monarchy:
Marie Antoinette & Louis XVI

3. Marie Antoinette and the Royal Children

4. Let Them Eat Cake!
Marie Antoinette NEVER said that, but it was somewhat her attitude
“Madame Deficit”
“The Austrian Whore”

5. Problems leading to the Revolution
#1- MONEY

6. Socio-Economic Data, 1789

7. The French Urban Poor

8. Financial Problems in France, 1789
Urban Commoner’s Budget:
Food %
Rent %
Tithe %
Taxes %
Clothing 20%
TOTAL 170%
King’s Budget:
Interest %
Army %
Versailles 25%
Coronation 10%
Loans %
Admin %
TOTAL %

9. Where is the tax money?

10. Which estates are represented?

11. Problems leading to the Revolution
#2- Voting

12. The Suggested Voting Pattern: Voting by Estates
Clergy
1st Estate 1
Aristocracy
2nd Estate 1 1
Commoners
3rd Estate

13. The Number of Representatives in the Estates General: Vote by Head!
Clergy
1st Estate
300
Aristocracy
2nd Estate
300
648
Commoners
3rd Estate

14. Convening the Estates General May, 1789
Last time it was called into session was 1614!

15. “The Third Estate Awakens”

16. Problems leading to the Revolution
# 3- The quest for equality

17. The National Assembly and the Tennis Court Oath
The 3rd Estate renamed itself and decided to pass laws for the people (ignoring the 1st and 2nd Estate)
Tennis Court Oath
The National Assembly was locked out of their meeting room (a tennis court). They broke down the door and vowed to stay until they had a new constitution for the people.

18. “The Tennis Court Oath” by Jacques Louis David
June 20, 1789

19. Problems leading to the Revolution
#4- Absolute power for the King

20. Lettres de Cachet
The French king could warrant imprisonment or death in a signed letter under his seal.
A carte-blanche warrant.
Cardinal Fleury issued 80,000 during the reign of Louis XV!
Eliminated in 1790.

21. The People Take Action July 14
The Storming of the Bastille-
Rumors started that the King was trying to get rid of the National Assembly
People gathered weapons to defend themselves
Charged into the Bastille, a prison
Killed guards and released political prisoners
This event is remembered like our July 4th

22. Storming the Bastille, July 14, 1789

23. The Great Fear: Peasant Revolt
July 20, 1789
As the poor around France heard about the turmoil in Paris, attacks started in other areas against the rich
Louis 16th was called for by the people to leave Versailles and come to Paris
DOOM!

24. March of the Women, October 5-6, 1789 Anger over BREAD
We want the baker, the baker’s wife and the baker’s boy!

25. Liberté! Egalité! Fraternité!
National Constituent Assembly
Liberté!
Egalité!
Fraternité!
August Decrees August 4-11, 1789
The Battle Cry of the Poor
Equality & Meritocracy

26. The WHITE of the Bourbons + the RED & BLUE of Paris.
The Tricolor (1789)
The WHITE of the Bourbons + the RED & BLUE of Paris.
Citizen!

27. The Tricolor is the Fashion!

28. The “Liberty Cap”: Bonne Rouge

29. The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen
August 26, 1789

30. Planting the Tree of Liberty
1790

31. The Confiscation of Church Lands
Church lands were taken and sold to pay off French debts 1790

32. Assignats
New Money Issued by the National Constituent Assembly.

33. Louis XVI and His Family Try to Escape
When Louis was called for to Paris, he was advised his family was in danger
They tried to make a run for it to the Netherlands
They are captured and brought to France, and now are HATED even more!

34. Louis XVI “Accepts” the Constitution & the National Assembly. 1791
He is forced to accept the new rules to how he will govern
Many of his rights are taken away
Much money and power is taken away
This is the beginning of the end for Louis

35. The French Constitution of 1791: A Bourgeois Government
The king got the “suspensive” veto [which prevented the passage of laws for 4 years] * he could not pass laws * his ministers were responsible for their actions.
A permanent, elected, single chamber National Assembly * had the power to grant taxation.
AND
Represented more of the people!