1. Pascal Bourcher IFRC Community Safety and Resilience Coordinator
IFRC Emergency response mechanisms, tools and services
Pascal Bourcher
IFRC Community Safety and Resilience Coordinator

2. Disaster Management Cycle

3. From local to global
IFRC work is to support National Society (NS) members who are auxiliary to their Governments in the field of disaster, crisis and conflict response
The work from local to global is optimising resources at each level as the scale or complexity of the disaster requires
The engagement follows agreed principles and rules where IFRC coordinates international support from other National Societies and provide assistance with global and regional tools.
The IFRC also has the task to coordinate with other actors at all levels

4. Emergency assessment: THE BASICS (1)
Each assessment is different, curiousity and rigour are the key attributes of an assessment;
The primary purpose of an assessment is NOT to identify an intervention but to find out whether an intervention is needed or not.
Part 1: assessment process (planning, field work, analysis and reporting)
Part 2: Content of the assessment: elements to look at in order to get a better understanding of an emergency situation.

5. Emergency assessment: THE BASICS (2)
3 types of assessments:
- Rapid A (+/- 1 week): after major disaster, collect information on needs, capacities of affected people, areas of intervention and resources required;
- Detailed A (+/- 1 month): After a rapid A, to get more detailed information to make recommendation;
- Continual A: when an operation is ongoing, to spot if/when changes occur.
Rapid assessment: less time on the field, visit fewer sites (choose them carefully), fewer people interviewed (consult broad variety of people), rely more on assumptions (previous experience, knowledge of area) and secondary information.
Decision making: Is it a pre-existing problem? Are there adequate coping strategies? Do others fill the gaps? Can gap be filled by PMI?

6. Key components of a response
Money/funds
Human
resources
Local/National
Relief Funds
Materials and
Equipment
Methods,
mechanisms

7. IFRC Global Disaster Response Tools
People
NDRT
RDRT
HEOps
FACT
Equipment
&
people
ERUs
Funding
DREF EA
Information Management
DMIS

8. Disaster Relief Emergency Fund (DREF)
DREF provides emergency financial support to NS to meet the immediate humanitarian needs caused by the effects of disasters on vulnerable people through emergency relief operations (usually up to CHF 300,000).
funding for response to large-scale disasters, for which an EA has or will be launched, OR to cover the costs of smaller-scale operations for which it is not appropriate to launch an EA.
A DREF request should be submitted by the National Society within 7 days of the disaster.
A DREF covers emergency response but also early warning and disaster preparedness interventions.

9. Emergency Appeal (EA)
EA is primarily a request to donors for assistance (a marketing document), issued within 0-72 hours after a disaster that requires international assistance.
An EA is always based on a request from a NS, and is usually issued on the basis of a needs assessment.
Emergency Appeals always consist of a narrative (plan of action) and a corresponding budget.
EA has to be formally approved (authorized) by IFRC USG and SG.

10. Emergency Response Unit (ERU)
Standardised package of trained personnel and modules of equipment, ready to be deployed at short notice (24-72 hours).
The units are fully self-sufficient for 1 month and can be deployed for up to 4 months.
provide a specific support or direct service function when local facilities are either destroyed, overwhelmed by needs, or do not exist.
Maintained and funded by NS, deployment coordinated by Geneva.
Types of ERU: Logistics, IT & Telecom, WatSan, Basic Health Care, Referral Hospital, Rapid Deployment Hospital, Relief, Base Camp.

11. Field Assessment Coordination Teams (FACT)
Context: complex emergencies that require rapid assessment, close coordination with dozens of actors, quick decision-making and rapid deployment;
FACT ensure sufficient support to NS during the emergency phase, allowing operations to begin while buying enough time to mobilize longer term human resource solutions;
Globally selected RC/RC team with expertise in relief, logistics, health, nutrition, public health and epidemiology, WatSan, finance, administration, IM, PSP, and languages.
FACT deployment with hours notice for 4 to 6 weeks anywhere in the world.

12. Regional Disaster Response Teams (RDRT)
The aim of RDRTs is to actively promote building of regional capacities in disaster response.
Composed of NS volunteers and staff, they are trained to work as a team and bring assistance to NS in neighbouring countries.
They are familiar with the context of the region, cultural aspects as well as the language.
RDRT have expertise in relief, logistic, health, nutrition, epidemiology, PSP, WatSan, Finance and Administration.

13. Cluster Coordination
The cluster approach was created as part of the humanitarian reform in 2005.
Clusters are groups of humanitarian organizations (UN and non-UN) working in the main sectors of humanitarian action. They are created when:
- clear humanitarian needs exist within a sector;
- there are numerous actors within sectors;
- national authorities need coordination support.
IFRC is the convener of the global shelter cluster.

14. Inter-agency standing committee (IASC)
When emergencies occur coordination is necessary. Good coordination means less gaps and overlaps in the assistance delivered by humanitarian organizations.
The Cluster Approach was applied for the first time following the 2005 earthquake in Pakistan.
Informing strategic decision-making of the Humanitarian Coordinator / Humanitarian Country Team (HC/HCT) for the humanitarian response though coordination of needs assessment and gap analysis and prioritization
Planning and strategy development including sectoral plans,, adherence to standards and funding needs
Advocacy to address identified concerns on behalf of cluster participants and the affected population
Monitoring and reporting on the cluster strategy and results; recommending corrective action where necessary
Contingency planning/preparedness/capacity building where needed and where capacity exists within the cluster.
Each cluster is also responsible for integrating early recovery from the outset of the humanitarian response. Exceptionally, the Resident/Humanitarian Coordinator may recommend an Early Recovery cluster also be established.

15. Humanitarian Country Team (HCT)
The HCT is composed of cluster lead agency representatives active in the country (including IFRC) as well as representatives of national NGO coordination fora and one INGO;
The HCT ensures effective strategic coordination with the senior echelons of the Government of Indonesia, and provides guidance and oversight to the cluster leads in ensuring effective operational coordination with respective Government counterparts.

16. THANK YOU!!!
Any questions?