1. Ms, Susan M. Pojer Horace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY
The Congress of
Vienna
Ms, Susan M. Pojer Horace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY

2. Europe in 1812

3. The Congress of Vienna (September 1, 1814 – June 9, 1815)

4. Coin Commemorating the Opening of the Congress of Vienna

5. Main Objectives
It’s job was to undo everything that Napoléon had done:
Reduce France to its old boundaries  her frontiers were pushed back to 1790 level.
Restore as many of the old monarchies as possible that had lost their thrones during the Napoléonic era. (Legitimacy)
Supported the resolution: There is always an alternative to conflict.

6. Key Players at Vienna Foreign Minister, Viscount Castlereagh (Br.)
Tsar Alexander I (Rus.)
The “Host” Prince Klemens von Metternich (Aus.)
King Frederick William III (Prus.)
Foreign Minister, Charles Maurice de Tallyrand (Fr.)

7. Key Principles Established at Vienna
Balance of Power
Legitimacy
Compensation
Coalition forces would occupy France for 3-5 years.
France would have to pay an indemnity of 700,000,000 francs.

8. Key Treaties / Agreements
 Treaty of Chaumont
 was a series of separately signed but identically worded agreements between the Austrian Empire, the Kingdom of Prussia, the Russian Empire and the United Kingdom dated 1 March 1814.
The treaty was intended to draw the powers of the Sixth Coalition into a closer alliance in the event that France rejected the peace terms they had recently offered.
Each agreed to put 150,000 soldiers in the field against France and to guarantee the European peace (once obtained) against French aggression for twenty years

9. Key Treaties / Agreements
 The Treaty of Paris,
signed on 30 May 1814, ended the war between France and the Sixth Coalition, part of the Napoleonic Wars, following an armistice signed on 23 April between Charles, Count of Artois, and the allies.
Peace talks had started on 9 May between Talleyrand, who negotiated with the allies of Chaumont on behalf of the exiled Bourbon king Louis XVIII of France.
The allies had agreed to reduce France to her 1792 borders and restore the independence of her neighbors after Napoleon Bonaparte's defeat. 
However, the allied parties did not sign a common document, but instead concluded separate treaties with France allowing for specific amendments.
In addition to the cessation of hostilities, the treaty provided a rough draft of a final settlement, which according to article 32 was to be concluded within the next two months at a congress involving all belligerents of the Napoleonic Wars.

10. Changes Made at Vienna (1)
France was deprived of all territory conquered by Napoléon.
Russia was given most of Duchy of Warsaw (Poland).
Prussia was given half of Saxony, parts of Poland, and other German territories.
A Germanic Confederation (Bund) of 30+ states (including Prussia) was created from the previous 300, under Austrian rule.
Austria was given back territory it had lost recently, plus more in Germany and Italy.
The House of Orange was given the Dutch Republic and the Austrian Netherlands to rule.

11. The Germanic Confederation, 1815

12. Changes Made at Vienna (2)
Norway and Sweden were joined.
The neutrality of Switzerland was guaranteed.
Hanover was enlarged, and made a kingdom.
Britain was given Cape Colony, South Africa, and various other colonies in Africa and Asia.
Sardinia was given Piedmont, Nice, Savoy, and Genoa.
The Bourbon Ferdinand I was restored in the Two Sicilies.
The Duchy of Parma was given to Marie Louise.
The slave trade was condemned (at British urging).
Freedom of navigation was guaranteed for many rivers.

13. Europe After the Congress of Vienna

14. Concert of Europe CONSERVATISM Enforced the agreements made at Vienna
Quadruple Alliance
Russia, Prussia, Austria, and Britain
Provided for concerted action to put down any threat to the pace or balance of power
Collective security
Britain eventually bowed out of Congress System

15. What was the legacy of the Congress of Vienna?
What were the effects of the French Revolution?