Business Communication April 11, 2016

Business Communication April 11, 2016
Tom McCarty

Agenda Review Course Description Logistics – email, Engrade, USBs
Business Communications Chapter 1 Review Discussion – Examples of Business Communication Business Communications Chapter 2 Business Communications Chapter 3 In Class Exercises Quiz 2 Project 4 Homework for Next Week Include Homework 1 review and Polishing Your Prose.

Business Communications
Lecture / Lab Covers various forms of business communications Covers professional skills such as speaking, writing and analysis Case Studies Polishing Your Prose

Course Expectations Attend (participation grade, quizzes, breaks)
Participate – lecture and lab (participation grade) Respect others (participation grade) Complete assignments on time 1 week late = -10%, 2 weeks late -20%, more = -100% Sign Syllabus Acknowledgement Form

Course Grade Participation 15% Homework 10% Quizzes 15% Projects 25%
% % 3 10% Midterm 15% Final 20% Microsoft Office 2010: Introduction to Computers

Test Email Send email to tmccarty@southerntech.edu Part of homework 1
See log on instructions in document sharing Check your school regularly

Student system From any internet browser type: Username: firstname.lastname Password: swfc#### (last 4 of your social security #) Your address: (Example: Technical difficulties:

Engrade Log on to http://engradepro.com/ Review Weekly Assignments
Review syllabus, weekly entries Review Turn Ins Participation, Quiz, Homework Review Discussions

On Line Site http://www.mhhe.com/lockerbcs6e

Business Communications
We will discuss weekly Next week: find example of external business communications. Post at least one example in the discussion for the current class. (For example, you will post the discussion topic for next week in the week 2 discussion). This is part of your homework every week

Introductions Background Interests Achievements Goals
Three Interesting Things

Business Communication, Management, and Success
Work requires communication. People communicate to plan products and services; hire, train, and motivate workers; coordinate manufacturing and delivery; persuade customers to buy; and bill them for sale. These are just some of the ways communication helps the modern work world. In every organization, communication is the way people get their points across, get work done, and get recognized for their contributions. Module One McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2014 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

Learning Objectives LO 1-1 Recognize myths about on-the-job writing. LO 1-2 Distinguish business communication from other school writing. LO 1-3 Explain accomplishments through communication.

Learning Objectives LO 1-4 Understand costs for business communication. LO 1-5 Define criteria for effective messages. LO 1-6 Apply strategies for communication analysis. LO 1-7 Apply strategies for creative thinking.

Verbal and Nonverbal Communication
Face-to-Face/Phone Conversations/Meetings /Voic Messages Letters, Memos, and Reports Verbal communication uses words, and includes face-to-face and phone conversations, messages, and letters, memos, and reports. Nonverbal communication includes gestures, body language, where someone sits, and company logos.

Verbal and Nonverbal Communication
Pictures/Company Logos Gestures/Body Language Who Sits Where at a Meeting How Long a Visitor is Kept Waiting Verbal communication uses words, and includes face-to-face and phone conversations, messages, and letters, memos, and reports. Nonverbal communication includes gestures, body language, where someone sits, and company logos.

Workplace Communication Challenges
40 million people in the U.S. alone have limited literacy skills, including some college graduates. States spend more than $220 million annually on remedial writing programs for employees. The workplace requires writing. However, 40 million people in the U.S. alone have limited literacy skills, including some college graduates. States and corporations spend millions to dollars to train employees or to fix problems due to poor writing, and the cost is $22.13 per page for a typical one-page letter.

Corporations may spend $3.1 billion annually to fix problems from writing deficiencies. Two-thirds of private-sector employers surveyed said writing was an important responsibility for employees The workplace requires writing. However, 40 million people in the U.S. alone have limited literacy skills, including some college graduates. Two-thirds of private-sector employers surveyed said writing was an important responsibility for employees

Good communication skills are vital in today’s workplace. Technology is making the globe a smaller and busier place, one where messages must be understood immediately. The better an employee’s communication skills are, the better his chance for success. Generalized American Diction Good communication skills are vital in today’s workplace. Technology, especially through , instant messaging, and cell phones, is making the globe a smaller and busier place, one where messages must be understood immediately. The better an employee’s communication skills are, the better his or her chance for success.

Myths About Workplace Writing
“Secretaries will do all my writing.” “I’ll use form letters or templates when I need to write.” Claim 1: Secretaries will do all my writing. Reality: Because of automation and restructuring, secretaries and administrative assistants are likely to handle complex tasks such as training, research, and database management for several managers. Managers are likely to take care of their own writing, data entry, and phone calls. 12 Claim 2: I’ll use form letters or templates when I need to write. Reality: A form letter is a prewritten fill-in-the-blank letter designed to fit standard situations. Using a form letter is OK if it’s a good letter. But form letters cover only routine situations. The higher you rise, the more frequently you’ll face situations that aren’t routine and that demand creative solutions.

Myths About Workplace Writing
“I’m being hired as an accountant, not a writer.” “I’ll just pick up the phone.” “If it isn’t in writing,” says a manager at one company, “it didn’t happen.” Claim 3: I’m being hired as an accountant, not a writer. Reality: Almost every entry-level professional or managerial job requires you to write messages, speak to small groups, and write paper documents. People who do these things well are more likely to be promoted beyond the entry level. Claim 4: I’ll just pick up the phone. Reality: Important phone calls require follow-up letters, memos, or messages. People in organizations put things in writing to make themselves visible, to create a record, to convey complex data, to make things convenient for the reader, to save money, and to convey their own messages more effectively. “If it isn’t in writing,” says a manager at one company, “it didn’t happen.” Writing is an essential way to make yourself visible, to let your accomplishments be known.

Business and School Writing
Business and School Writing differ based on: Purpose. Audience. Information. Organization. Style. Document design. Visuals. While all good writing shares basic principles, business writing is often different than other school writing. For instance, business writing prefers shorter sentences and paragraphs, a more conversational tone, and more dynamic document designs than a typical college essay. While essays may be written primarily for instructors, business writing often has multiple audiences.

Business Writing is Different
Business writing prefers shorter sentences and paragraphs a more conversational tone more dynamic document designs Essays written primarily for instructors business writing has multiple audiences

Managers’ Job Collect and convey information Make decisions
Promote interpersonal unity All these happen through communication Communication goes to both internal and external audiences

What does communication accomplish?
Internal Subordinates Supervisors Peers Communication—oral, nonverbal, and written—goes to both internal and external audiences. Analyze each carefully when composing your message.

The Internal Audiences of the Sales Manager—West
Figure 1.1

What does communication accomplish?
External Customers/Stockholders Unions/Government Agencies Press/General Public

The Corporation’s External Audiences
Figure 1.2

Exercise What do you perceive as the differences between internal and external audiences? Brainstorm for minutes as a group on how these audiences are similar and how they are different. If you are writing to an internal audience, what document qualities would they be concerned about? For an external audience? In particular, what would be similar or different about the following qualities: formality of language; use of humor; format of document (memo vs. letter); length; quality of paper, envelope (if any), and printing.

Exercise https://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newTMM_36.htm
Any surprises?

Basic Purposes Workplace writing can have one or more of these basic purposes: To inform. To request or to persuade. To build goodwill. When you inform, you explain something or tell readers something. When you request or persuade, you want the reader to act. The word request suggests that the action will be easy or routine; persuade suggests that you will have to motivate and convince the reader to act. When you build goodwill, you create a good image of yourself and of your organization—the kind of image that makes people want to do business with you.

How much does correspondence cost?
Employers paid an average of $23.50 per hour per employee for wages and benefits. At that rate, an employer would pay $21.15 for an employee’s time spent writing a typical letter

How much does correspondence cost?
Bad writing wastes time by: Taking more time to read Requiring more time to revise Confusing ideas Delaying action Bad writing wastes time by • Taking more time to read. • Requiring more time to revise and causing more rounds of revision. • Confusing ideas so that discussions and decisions are needlessly drawn out. • Delaying action while the reader asks for more information or tries to figure out the meaning.

What makes a message effective?
Is clear. Is complete. Is correct. Saves the reader’s time. Builds goodwill. Make sure the meaning of your message is clear, all of the information needed to understand or act on the message is included, and that the information is accurate. The message should build goodwill and be organized so the reader can act on the information as quickly as possible.

How should I analyze business communication situations?
What’s at stake— to whom? Should you send a message? What channel should you use? What should you say? How should you say it? Use PAIBOC questions to analyze problems

PAIBOC P What are your purposes in writing?
A Who is (are) your audiences? I What information must your message include? Use PAIBOC when writing and revising your messages. Carefully analyze each of the PAIBOC components: Purpose, Audience, Information, Benefits, Objections, and Context.

PAIBOC B What reasons or reader benefits can you use to support your position? O What objections can you expect your reader(s) to have? C How will the context affect reader response?

Thinking Creatively Creativity is essential to success in business and business communication. Thinking creatively often means shedding common paradigms. Employees today should expect to write, edit, and send their own messages. Form letters can work, provided they are well written, but rarely can form letters meet all needs. Regardless of their field, employees can expect to write on the job, and even though much business is done on the phone, writing is still a common means of communication.

Thinking Creatively Ways to become more creative include brainstorming
working within limits consciously seeking problems or dissonances that need work. Employees today should expect to write, edit, and send their own messages. Form letters can work, provided they are well written, but rarely can form letters meet all needs. Regardless of their field, employees can expect to write on the job, and even though much business is done on the phone, writing is still a common means of communication.

Counterargument The most difficult kind of creative thinking
Anticipates objections to your points of view Acknowledges them Refutes them in such a way that the audience is not offended Counterargument is the most common missing element of PAIBOC (effective communication)

QUIZ 1 Write an introduction of yourself of at least one hundred words using the topics shown in Exercise 1.9, including Your Background Interests Achievements Goals - where do you see yourself in ten years Three interesting things about yourself Use the memo format shown on page 128 in module 9. Use Microsoft Word. Name the document lastname quiz1 where lastname = your last name. Place the file in the turn in folder named Week 1 Quiz. Also, print a copy.

Exercises 1.11 Letters to Angry Electric Company Customers
1.12 Online Messages for Discussion - Responding to Rumors

Polishing Your Prose Sentence A complete thought
Subject and Verb (predicate) Can be simple, compound, complex, compound-complex Simple structure usually works better for business writing Fragments inappropriate for most business documents Simple contains subject and verb and expresses one complete thought. Compound contains two or more independent clauses. Complex contains a dependent and an independent clause. Compound-complex contains at least two independent clauses and one dependent clause.

Exercises Make the sentence fragments on page 18 into complete sentences

Examples of Business Communication
Part of Homework Share with class why you chose this example Post in business communication discussion for current week

Adapting Your Message to Your Audience
Module Two McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2014 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

Learning Objectives LO 2-1 Understand expectations from your organization. LO 2-2 Define audiences for messages. LO 2-3 Apply strategies for audience analysis with PAIBOC. LO 2-4 Apply strategies for individual and group audience analyses. 2-47

Learning Objectives LO 2-5 Apply strategies for audience needs analysis. LO 2-6 Adapt messages for audiences. LO 2-7 Choose channels for audiences.

Understanding What Your Organization Wants
Succeeding in an organization depends first on understanding what “counts” at your organization. Ask your boss, “What parts of my job are most important? What’s the biggest thing I could do to improve my work?” The initial audience first sees your message and routes it to others. A gatekeeper is someone who can stop your message from getting to the primary audience and may be the initial audience. Secondary audiences may be asked to comment on your message or implement its ideas once they are approved. Watchdog audiences have no power to stop a message or act directly on it but have political, social, or economic power. 49

Understanding What Your Organization Wants
Listen to the stories colleagues tell about people who have succeeded and those who have failed. Observe. See who is praised, who is promoted

Kinds of Audiences Initial Audience Gatekeeper Primary Audience
Secondary Audience Watchdog Audience The initial audience first sees your message and routes it to others. A gatekeeper is someone who can stop your message from getting to the primary audience and may be the initial audience. Secondary audiences may be asked to comment on your message or implement its ideas once they are approved. Watchdog audiences have no power to stop a message or act directly on it but have political, social, or economic power.

Who Is My Audience? Primary audience Secondary audience
decides whether to accept your recommendations or will act on the basis of your message Secondary audience may be asked to comment on your message or to implement your ideas after they’ve been approved

Who Is My Audience? Initial audience Gatekeeper
receives the message first and routes it to other audiences. Gatekeeper has the power to stop your message before it gets to the primary audience.

Who Is My Audience? Watchdog audience
pays close attention to the transaction between you and the primary audience and may base future actions on its evaluation of your message

The Audiences for a Marketing Plan

The Audiences for a Consulting Report

PAIBOC P What are your purposes in writing?
A Who is (are) your audiences? I What information must your message include? Your purposes come from you and your organization. Your audience determines how you achieve those purposes, but not what the purposes are.

PAIBOC B What reasons or reader benefits can you use to support your position? O What objections can you expect your reader(s) to have? C How will the context affect reader response?

A Model of Two-Person Communication with Feedback
Figure 2.3

The Communication Process
Perception Interpretation Choice/ Selection Encoding/ Decoding Channel Noise To communicate, a person must first perceive a stimulus and then interpret what has been perceived. The person then chooses the information he or she wishes to send and puts it into a form for the audience. That action is called encoding. The message is transmitted through a channel, such as a memo, a phone call, or an message. The audience receives the message and decodes, or makes sense, of it. At any stage of the process, noise may interfere with communication. Noise can be physical, such as illegible handwriting, or psychological, such as the audience disliking the speaker.

What do I need to know about my audience(s)?
Empathy Knowledge Demographic Factors Values and Beliefs Personality Past Behavior There is no “one size fits all” approach to analyzing audiences, but key factors are important. Empathy is the ability to put yourself in someone else’s shoes and to feel with that person. Even people in your own organization won’t share all of your knowledge, so anticipate what audiences will need to know. Demographic factors include such measurable features as age, race, income, and educational level. Values and beliefs, or psychographics, include habits, hobbies, and lifestyles. The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator is one of several popular assessments to gauge personality. Studying how audiences have behaved in the past may suggest how they will react in the future.

Empathy the ability to put yourself in someone else’s shoes, to feel with that person requires not being self-centered

Demographic characteristics measurable features that can be counted objectively age, sex, race, religion, education level, income, and so on.

Personality – Myers-Briggs Type Indicator Extraversion-Inversion Sensing-Intuition Thinking-Feeling Judging-Perceiving

Psychographic characteristics qualitative rather than quantitative: values, beliefs, goals, and lifestyles. Values and Lifestyles (VALS) Strivers, Innovators, Thinkers, Believers, Achievers, Experiencers, Makers, and Survivors

Analyzing People in Organizations
Discourse community a group of people who share assumptions about what channels, formats, and styles to use, what topics to discuss and how to discuss them, and what constitutes evidence Your reader’s reaction is affected by his or her personal preferences as well as by the discourse communities to which he or she belongs. Each person is a member of several discourse communities, which may or may not overlap.

An organization’s culture is its values, attitudes, and philosophies

Norms of behavior in an organization are revealed: Verbally through the organization’s myths, stories, and heroes. Nonverbally through the allocation of space, money, and power. Two companies in the same field may have completely different organizational cultures, and organizations may even have subcultures. Observe your own organizational culture to understand how to analyze others. Look for how people behave and dress, what the organization values, and why some people are considered heroes.

Now that I have my analysis, what do I do with it?
Strategy Organization Word Choice Document Design Photographs and Visuals Adapt your message carefully to the needs of your audience. For instance, a good strategy is to make action on the message as easy as possible and to protect the reader’s ego. Messages should be organized to help the reader understand the message immediately. Choose words your audience will know, and avoid words that sound negative, defensive, or arrogant. Good design in business writing uses lists, headings, and a mix of paragraph lengths to create white space. Photographs and visuals, if any, should be bias free and more than simply decorative.

What if my audiences have different needs?
To reach, focus on: Content and choice of details. Organization. Level of formality. Use of technical terms and theory. When you write to multiple audiences, use the primary audience and the gatekeeper to determine the level of detail, organization, level of formality, and use of technical terms and theory.

How do I reach my audience(s)?
Channels vary according to Speed. Accuracy of transmission. Cost. Number of messages carried. Number of people reached. Efficiency. Ability to promote goodwill. Paper messages are more formal than messages, and many spoken messages are followed up with written ones.

Written messages make it easier to: Present many specific details. Present extensive or complex financial data. Minimize undesirable emotions. Paper messages are more formal than messages, and many spoken messages are followed up with written ones.

Oral messages make it easier to: Answer questions, resolve conflicts, and build consensus. Use emotion to persuade. Get immediate action or response. Focus the reader’s attention. Modify a proposal unacceptable in its original form. Oral messages are common in business, but scheduled meetings and oral presentations are more formal than chats in the hall or a phone call.

Adapt the message to the audience. Show the audience how it will benefit from the idea, policy, service, or product. Overcome any objections the audience may have. Even when everyone in the organization has access to the same channels, different discourse communities may prefer different ones. Choose the written or oral channel that best serves your audience.

Use you-attitude and positive emphasis. Use visuals to clarify or emphasize material. Specify what the audience should do.

Exercises 2.14 Persuading a Lender to Defer Paying a Student Loan
2.16 Convincing Your Organization to Allow Flex-Time for Students

Review Homework 2.12 Analyzing the Audiences of Noncommercial Web Pages

Polishing Your Prose Comma Splice Fix a comma splice by
Connects two complete thoughts (sentences) with a comma Fix a comma splice by Using a semicolon Adding a coordinating conjunction (and, or, but) Make two sentences Make one of the clauses subordinate (because, although, if, after, though, since) See list on page 18 Simple contains subject and verb and expresses one complete thought. Compound contains two or more independent clauses. Complex contains a dependent and an independent clause. Compound-complex contains at least two independent clauses and one dependent clause.

Exercises Make the comma splices on page 37 into complete sentences

QUIZ 2 (open book) Answer the following questions using complete sentences. What does PAIBOC stand for? Write one sentence for each letter and tell why this is an important concept in business communications. (Chapter 1) What are the five kinds of audiences? Write one complete sentence for each one. (Chapter 2) What are some differences between high context cultures and low-context cultures? Use complete sentences. (Chapter 3) Use Microsoft Word. Name the document lastname quiz2 where lastname = your last name. Place the file in the turn in folder named Week 2 Quiz.

Communicating across Cultures
Module Three McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2014 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

Learning Objectives LO 3-1 Define culture through context. LO 3-2 Compare and contrast dimensions of culture. LO 3-3 Apply strategies for international communication success. LO 3-4 Identify differences among generations. LO 3-5 Apply strategies for workplace discrimination solutions. LO 3-6 Apply strategies for bias-free documents. LO 3-1 Define culture through context. LO 3-2 Compare and contrast dimensions of culture. LO 3-3 Apply strategies for international communication success. LO 3-4 Identify differences among generations. LO 3-5 Apply strategies for workplace discrimination solutions. LO 3-6 Apply strategies for bias-free documents. 3-82

Diversity in the Workplace
Gender Race and ethnicity Regional and national origin Social class Religion Age Sexual orientation Physical ability Familiarize yourself with the many dimensions of diversity in the workplace, which can include but are not limited to gender, race, ethnicity, regional and national origin, social class, religion, age, sexual orientation, and physical ability..

Diversity in the Workplace
Valuing diversity is good business as well as good social practice. Ethnically diverse teams produce more and higher-quality ideas.

What is “culture”? High-Context Cultures
Most information is inferred from the context of a message. Little is “spelled out.” Examples: Japanese, Arabic, and Latin American cultures. Compared to low-context cultures, high-context cultures often prefer politeness and indirectness in messages.

What is “culture”? Low-Context Cultures
Context is less important than words. Most information is explicitly spelled out Examples: German, Scandinavian, and dominant U.S. cultures. Context is less important in low-context cultures, which prefer direct approaches and privilege the written word.

Views of Communication in High- and Low-Context Cultures

How does culture affect business communication?
Culture influences every single aspect of business communication: how to show politeness and respect how much information to give, how to motivate people

Values, Beliefs, and Practices Nonverbal Communication
Dimensions of Culture Values, Beliefs, and Practices Nonverbal Communication Body Language Eye Contact Gestures Space Spatial Arrangements

Cultural Contrasts in Motivation
These differences in values, beliefs, and practices lead to differences in what kinds of appeals motivate people. See Figure 3.3 .

Nonverbal communication communication that doesn’t use words—takes place all the time. Body language, the size of an office, or how long someone keeps a visitor waiting— all these communicate pleasure or anger, friendliness or distance, power and status

Posture and body movements connote energy and openness Open positions suggest that people are accepting and open to new ideas. Closed positions suggest that people are physically or psychologically uncomfortable, that they are defending themselves and shutting other people out. North American open body positions include leaning forward with uncrossed arms and legs, with the arms away from the body. Closed or defensive body positions include leaning back, sometimes with both hands behind the head, arms and legs crossed or close together, or hands in pockets.

Personal space the distance someone wants between himself or herself and other people in ordinary, non-intimate interchanges Touch, spatial arrangements

Monochronic cultures treat time as a resource Polychronic cultures emphasize relationships

Oral Communication Conversational style
denotes our conversational patterns and the meaning we give to them: the way we show interest, politeness, and appropriateness

Conversational Style How long a pause tells you that it’s your turn to speak? Do you see interruption as rude? Do you show interest by asking lots of questions? Deborah Tannen coined the term “conversational style” to denote our conversational pattens and the meaning we give to them. Different conversational styles are no better or worse than each other, but people with different conversational styles may feel uncomfortable without knowing why. Analyze your own conversational style to begin to understand the style of others.

Cultural Contrasts in Business Introductions
Effective oral communication requires cultural understanding. As Figure 3.4 shows, the purpose of and the information exchanged in business introductions differs across cultures.

Cultural Contrasts in Written Persuasive Documents
As Figure 3.5 suggests, you may need to modify style, structure, and strategy when you write to international readers. Make a special effort to avoid phrases that could be seen as arrogant or uncaring. Cultural mistakes made orally float away on the air; those made in writing are permanently recorded.

There are so many different cultures
There are so many different cultures! How can I know enough to communicate? Being aware that values and behaviors are influenced by culture. Being flexible. Being sensitive. Being aware of the others’ values, beliefs, and practices. Being sensitive to differences among individuals. If you plan to travel to a specific country, or if you work with people from other cultures, read about that country or culture to learn more about the language. Also, talk to people from that country or culture. By being open-minded, you may find these experiences best prepare you to communicate with different cultures. Brenda Arbalaez also suggests these principles.

Millennials’ strengths include
Are differences among generations changing the workplace and how we communicate? Millennials’ strengths include Optimism Confidence Enthusiasm Organization Goal Orientation Technology use Millennials’ strengths include optimism, confidence, enthusiasm, goal orientation, and technology use.

Are differences among generations changing the workplace and how we communicate?
Read often to enhance literacy Edit for grammar and proofread for spelling Avoid abbreviations in business correspondence Use the appropriate tone, format, and language Build common ground when negotiating Find a mentor or role model

Dealing with Discrimination
Successfully handling discrimination means understanding the situation and your options: Not everything is discrimination. Decide on a strategy. Chart your own path. Take the high road. If you plan to travel to a specific country, or if you work with people from other cultures, read about that country or culture to learn more about the language. Also, talk to people from that country or culture. By being open-minded, you may find these experiences best prepare you to communicate with different cultures. Brenda Arbalaez also suggests these principles. You can consult with specialists In companies, Diversity or Equal Employment Opportunity (EEO) manager. With government, EEO Office.

How can I make my documents bias-free?
Bias-free language language that does not discriminate against people on the basis of sex, physical condition, race, age, or any other category. Bias-free language is fair and friendly and complies with the law.

Making Language Nonsexist
Nonsexist language treats both sexes neutrally. Check to be sure your writing is free from sexism in four areas: words and phrases, job titles, pronouns, and courtesy titles.

Getting Rid of Sexist Terms and Phrases

Use neutral titles which do not imply that a job is held only by men or only by women. When you write about a specific person, use the appropriate gender pronouns

Business writing uses four ways to eliminate sexist generic pronouns use plurals, use second-person you, revise the sentence to omit the pronoun, and use pronoun pairs.

Making Language Nonracist and Nonagist
Language is nonracist and nonagist when it treats all races and ages fairly, avoiding negative stereotypes of any group.

Making Language Nonracist and Nonagist
Give someone’s race or age only if it is relevant to your story Refer to a group by the term it prefers. As preferences change, change your usage Avoid terms that suggest that competent people are unusual

Talking about People with Disabilities and Diseases
People-first language focuses on the person, not the condition Avoid negative terms, unless the audience prefers them

Choosing Bias-Free Photos and Illustrations
When you produce a document with photographs or illustrations, check the visuals for possible bias. Do they show people of both sexes and all races? Is there a sprinkling of various kinds of people Check relationships and authority figures as well as numbers

Exercises 3.12 Identifying Sources of Miscommunication
3.15 Answering an Inquiry About Photos

Review Homework 3.8 Planning an International Trip

Polishing Your Prose Idioms
Phrases that have a meaning different from their literal meaning Difficult for people from other cultures to understand Minimize their use in formal or multicultural communication Review the list on page 58 Simple contains subject and verb and expresses one complete thought. Compound contains two or more independent clauses. Complex contains a dependent and an independent clause. Compound-complex contains at least two independent clauses and one dependent clause.

Exercises Make the comma splices on page 37 into complete sentences

Next Week Reading Homework Quiz 3 In Class Activity
Modules 4 – 5 of Business Communication, pages Homework Exercise 4.10 p. 71 Ex 5.8 p. 82 Example of external business communication Quiz 3 In Class Activity Exercises Present Business Communication examples

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Business Communication April 11, 2016

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