1. B A C D E Voltaire Thomas Hobbes Montesquieu Rousseau
Directions: Match the Enlightenment philosopher to the best match. B A
Voltaire
Thomas Hobbes
Montesquieu
Rousseau
Mary Wollstonecraft C D
Answers: 1) E 2) A 3) B 4)D 5) C E

3. Effects of the Enlightenment
Ideas on government inspire calls for Democracy
American Revolution
Rebellions in Latin America
Growing unrest in France

4. French Society
French society was divided into 3 classes called “Estates”:
First Estate
Catholic church officials &Clergy
1st
2nd Estate
Nobility & aristocracy
3rd Estate
Bourgeoisie – educated city lawyers, doctors, businessmen
Peasants & farmers
2nd
3rd

5. The 1st Estate
Only 1% of population
Own 10% of land
Pay NO taxes

6. The 2nd Estate 3% of population Own 20% of the land Pay NO TAXES
Control government & live off collected tax money

7. The 3rd Estate 95% of population Almost no say in government
Pay all the taxes
Pay tithes to Church

8. King Louis XVI Huge debt from the Palace of Versailles
Absolute Monarch but a weak ruler
Attempts reforms but many fail due to nobility

9. Marie Antoinette
Queen of France
BIG spender
“Let them eat cake”??

10. Abbé Sieyès Member of the Estates General
What is the Third Estate? Everything. What has it been in the political order? Nothing. What does it desire to be? Something!
Member of the Estates General
Inspires 3rd Estate to seek power

11. The Estates General Type of representation Rarely meet
1 vote per Estate
3rd Estate ALWAYS outvoted

12. The National Assembly
Locked out of the Estates General, 3rd Estate signs the Tennis Court Oath
Creates a National Assembly
Issue the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen

13. The Great Fear Peasants riot throughout France
Nobles homes ransacked by the 3rd Estate

14. The Storming of the Bastille
Prison in Paris & symbol of royal authority stormed
Starts the revolution – July 14, 1789

15. Robespierre Begins the Reign of Terror
Mass executions of enemies of the Revolution
Thousands sent to the guillotine

16. Georges Danton Leads the Committee of Public Safety
Designed to suppress opposition inside & outside France
Calls for the execution of King Louis

18. Napoleon Military ruler
Takes power after a coup d'état after Revolutionary leaders go to far
Restores order after the chaos of Revolution

19. Napoleon Issues the Napoleonic Code – eliminates the Estate System
Simplifies the laws in France

20. Napoleon’s Empire

21. Napoleon’s Empire
Uses the continental system to isolate England and invade Europe
Invasion of Russia fails and devastates his army

22. The Fall of Napoleon Defeated by the British at Waterloo
Placed in prison in exile

23. Prince Metternich Leads the Congress of Vienna
Adopts a Balance of Power doctrine
Restores monarchies
Boundaries of Europe redrawn

24. Europe after the Congress of Vienna