1. Multi-View Sketching Multi-View Sketching
Introduction to Engineering Design
Unit 2 Technical Sketching and Drawing
Multi-View Sketching
Project Lead The Way, Inc.
Copyright 2007

2. Standards Institutions
ANSI - American National Standards Institute. This institute creates the engineering standards for North America.
ISO - International Organization for Standardization. This is a worldwide organization that creates engineering standards with approximately 100 participating countries.

3. Orthographic Projection
Multi-View Sketching
Introduction to Engineering Design
Unit 2 Technical Sketching and Drawing
Orthographic Projection
The orthographic projection process is then repeated on the other projection planes. There are six principle planes as indicated below. In most cases, three or fewer orthographic projections are needed in a multi-view in order to fully describe and object.
There are six principle planes as indicated here. In most cases, three or fewer orthographic projections are needed in a multi-view in order to fully describe and object.
Project Lead The Way, Inc.
Copyright 2007

4. View Selection Recommendations for how to select the front view:
Most natural position or use
Shows best shape and characteristic contours
Longest dimensions (preferably largest width)
Fewest hidden lines
Most stable and natural position
The view of the side that provides the most information about the object is generally chosen as the FRONT view. Finding the best front view of a part can be difficult. Two or more sides may look like the best solution for a front view.
These are the same recommendations given in the Oblique and Isometric Pictorial presentation.
When selecting a front view, compare all side views and choose a front view based on the list of criteria in this list.
The view of the side that provides the most information about the object is generally chosen as the FRONT view. Finding the best front view of a part can be difficult. Two or more sides may look like the best solution for a front view.

5. Orthographic View Selection
No hidden edges
Best shape
Description
Most natural position
Longest Dimension
The front view choice dictates the pictorial orientation as well as the orthographic projection labels.
BEST FRONT VIEW

6. Number of Orthographic Projections
An orthographic projection can have a maximum of 6 views (front, top, right side, left side, back, bottom)
An orthographic projection can have a minimum of 1 view (front only)
The number of views to use on an orthographic projection is determined by the object being shown. More complex shapes will require more views to fully describe the contour of the design

7. Number of Orthographic Projections
Only one view is required when…
Shape has uniform thickness
Shape or is entirely cylindrical
Other views would be identical
All dimensions properly and easily shown on one view
Only one view may be required if the part has a uniform thickness (such as a flat plate) or a uniform shape (such as a cylindrical shape).
If two views would be identical and all dimensions are easily shown on one view, additional views may not be necessary.

8. One View Orthographic Projection
Example of objects that can be defined with a single view plus dimensions

9. Number of Orthographic Projections
Use two views when…
Symmetrical part
A 3rd view would be identical or similar to one of the other views
Second view is necessary for depth
Only two views may be required if the part is symmetrical such that a third view would be identical to another. However a second view is necessary to show a depth that is not constant.
Only two views are required if the part is symmetrical such that a third view would be identical to another one of the views.

10. Two View Orthographic Projection
Example of objects that can be defined with a 2 views plus dimensions

11. Number of Orthographic Projections
Use three or more views when…
Part is a complex shape
Multiple views would be required to describe the location and contour of each feature.
Only two views may be required if the part is symmetrical such that a third view would be identical to another. However a second view is necessary to show a depth that is not constant.