1. Case study

2. CASE STUDY
A 6-year-old child presented to the emergency department with sever headache, dyspnea on exertion , and petechiae on the lower extremities.
A CBC was drawn that showed the following:
Result
CBC
35*10^3/µl
WBC
6.0 g/dl
Hgb 23
Hct
97 fl
MCV
15*10^9/µL
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3. A bone marrow biopsy was performed and showed 90 percent lymphoid blasts. The blast cells have a high nucleocytoplasmic ratio, lack visible nucleoli and are relatively small. This patient`s leukemic cells were of –lineage and expressed CD 10, CD 19, CD 20, CD 22 and TdT. Metaphase cytogenetic showed a normal karyotype

4. LAB DIAGNOSIS
● Morphology analysis (Blood smear) ● Cytogenetic studies(Karyotype) ● Molecular markers ● Cytochemical analysis( ● Cell surface marker (flow cytometry, immunophenotyping)

5. ALL-L 1
◘ L 1- This is the most common form found in children and it has the most prognosis.
◘ The cell size is small with fine or clumped homogenous nuclear chromatin and absent or indistinct nucleoli.
◘ The nuclear shape is regular.
◘ The cytoplasm is scant, with slight to moderate basophilic and variable vacuoles.

6. TREATMENT
Chemotherapy
Radiotherapy
Bone marrow transplantation