1. The Jeffersonian Revolution?
APUSH
Mrs. Housenick
10/09/12

2. Election of 1800: A Landmark Election
First where two political parties squared off
Federalists weakened:
Alien and Sedition Acts created enemies
Hamilton split with Adams
War scare with France somewhat embarrassing
Attempted to attack Jefferson but failed

3. The Victory of Thomas Jefferson
Campaigned as guardian of agrarian liberty and states’ rights
Almost had to give election to Aaron Burr because of tie.
Belief in democratic ideals made him reject a lot of the pomp of Washington.
“We are all Republicans, we are all federalists.”

4. Jefferson the Contradiction
“All men are created equal” yet favored slavery.
Slave-owner yet did father child of one of his slaves—Sally Hemmings.

5. The Revolution of 1800?
Jefferson believed election meant a return to the original spirit of the revolution.
What was revolutionary was peaceful transfer of power to another party—showed success of American democracy.

6. Moderation towards Federalists
Did pardon those convicted under Sedition Act, reduce immigration requirements and end excise tax.
BUT
Kept Federalist appointees in office
Kept Hamiltonian economic system intact
Showed change in party didn’t have to disrupt system

7. Federalists and Democratic-Republicans
Start to decline after Election of 1800
Democratic-Republicans
Also started to fade with Federalists, since didn’t have anyone to oppose.

8. The “Deathbed” Judiciary Act of 1801
Federalists last act was Judiciary Act of 1801—established new federal judgeships
Adam’s last minute plan to pack the courts with Federalist justices or “midnight judges”
Jefferson repealed the act, got rid of these judges.
Also wanted to get rid of Chief Justice John Marshall—intense Federalist.

9. Marbury v. Madison (1803) One “midnight judge” sued for his job back.
Marshall wanted to avoid confrontation with Jefferson, so he threw out the case.
In doing so, declared part of Judiciary Act of 1789 unconstitutional.
Established power of JUDICIAL REVIEW.
Made Supreme Court the only branch capable of deciding the constitutionality of laws.

10. Jefferson and the military
Reduced military establishment
Hoped America would not get involved in bloody wars.
Still, had problems with pirates in North Africa—sent troops to Tripoli
(Tripolitan War)
Built hundreds of gunboats to accomplish that mission.

11. The Louisiana Godsend
1st—Spain ceded region to France—US afraid it would never be able to win region from that powerful country.
Immediately sent envoy to France to negotiate for purchase of New Orleans—if they refused, plan was to ally with Britain.
Napoleon decided to sell all of Louisiana! Because had lost island of Santo Domingo and because he was worried he would have to give Louisiana to British once they made peace. Basically wanted the money for projects closer to home.

12. The Louisiana Purchase
April 30, 1803—France ceded Louisiana to US for 15 million. More than doubled the size of the US.
Jefferson struggled with himself over decision—strict constructionist vs. hopeful expansionist.
Jefferson accepted, although admitted was unconstitutional.

13. Impact of Louisiana Purchase

14. Impact of Louisiana Purchase ctnd.
Avoided war with France, alliance with England
Put America on way to becoming world power.
Established precedents for further expansion.
Opened up exploration of region—Lewis and Clark

15. The Aaron Burr Conspiracies
Joined with Federalists to plot secession of New York and New England.
Hamilton exposed conspiracy—led to duel where Hamilton was killed.
Went on to try to hatch plan to get Western part of US to secede. Tried for treason but acquitted, lived rest of life in Europe, continuing to plot against America.

16. Multiple Choice Practice
The most "revolutionary" development in the critical election of 1800 was
A. a. the nasty campaign smears against Jefferson. B. b. Jefferson's radical proposals for overturning the existing political system. C. c. the peaceful transition of power from one political party to its opponent. D. d. the electoral stalemate between Jefferson and his running mate, Burr.

17. Multiple Choice Practice ctnd.
18.The case of Marbury v. Madison established the principle that
A. a. the Supreme Court has the right to determine the constitutionality of legislation. B. b. federal laws take precedence over state legislation. C. c. the president has the right to appoint the federal judiciary. D. d. federal judges cannot be impeached.