7. Pedigree tips for autosomal genetic diseases
Determine whether the trait of interest is dominant (A) or recessive (a)
Label the genotypes of homozygous recessive individuals (aa)
Label every individual with a dominant phenotype with one dominant allele (A_)
Offspring that are homozygous recessive received both recessive alleles from each parent
Parents that are homozygous recessive always give a recessive allele to all of their children
Never write a homozygous dominant genotype (AA). Only A?, Aa, aa

11. Fathers always give their only Y chromosome to their sons
Fathers always give their only X chromosome to their daughters
Sons receive their only X chromosome from their mother
Males are not carriers
Only mothers can give sons sex-linked traits on X
Fathers or mothers can make daughters carriers
Women showing the trait had a father with the trait, and a mother that was at least a carrier

12. Pedigree tips for sex-linked genetic diseases
Assume the trait/disease is recessive
Label the genotypes of every male: XAY or XaY. Do not write an allele with the Y.
Label every female without the trait with one XAX-
Females with affected male offspring are at least carriers
Fathers with trait make daughters at least carriers
Never write a homozygous dominant genotype (XAXA). Only XAX?, XAXa, XaXa.

17. Genetically inherited disorder
Number disorder
Genetically inherited disorder
Autosomal #
Sex Chrom. #
Sex-linked
Autosomal
Pattern baldness
RG colorblind
Hemophilia
Duchenne’s Muscular dystrophy
Down Syndrome
Trisomy, monosomy,tetrasomy
Klinefelter
Turner
Ex. 47 XXX
recessive
codominant
dominant
Albinism
Cystic fibrosis
PKU
Sickle Cell
Huntingtons
Achondroplasia
Marfans