1. Vocabulary/Identification
Chiang Kai-Shek
Mao Zedong
Taiwan
38th parallel
Korean War

2. Chapter
The Cold War Heats Up

3. Chapter 18 – 2 Objectives
Describe how the communists came into power in China and how the U.S. reacted.
Summarize the events that led to the Korean War.
Describe the conflict between President Truman and General MacArthur.

4. Which side did the U.S. support, and why?
China:
Nationalists
Because they opposed communism.
Many American admired Chiang Kai-shek.
They resisted Japanese during WW II.

6. Which side did the U.S. support, and why?
Korea:
South Korea
South Korea was democratic, North Korea was communist.
Establishes in a zone occupied by the U.S. in 1948.
June 25, 1950, N. Korea invaded S. Korea in a surprise attack.
June 27th, Truman ordered soldiers in Japan to S. Korea to show support.

7. What did the United States do to affect the outcome of the war?
China:
Sent the Nationalists billions of dollars in military equipment and supplies.
Tried to negotiate an end to the civil war.

8. What did the United States do to affect the outcome of the war?
South Korea:
Provided naval and air support.
MacArthur launched a counterattack using tanks, heavy artillery, and fresh troops from the U.S.
Moved naval vessels offshore as a warning to Chinese and North Koreans.

9. What was the outcome of the war?
China:
The Communists won the war.
The Nationalists set up a government on the island of Taiwan under Chiang in May 1949.

10. What was the outcome of the war?
Korea:
War ended in a stalemate, with neither side claiming victory.
Korea remained two nations, divided by a demilitarized zone, at the 38th parallel.
U.S. lost 54,000 American lives.
U.S. spent $67 Billion

11. What was the outcome of the war?

12. What was the outcome of the war?

13. What was the outcome of the war?

14. How did the American public react to that outcome, and why?
China:
American public was stunned and shocked that Chinese communists were victorious.
Containment had failed.
The American public demanded answers from the government.
Some suggested that the American government was filled with communist spies.

15. How did the American public react to that outcome, and why?
Korea:
Cease fire agreed to in June 1951.
A truce was negotiated and signed in July 1953.
Created a public rift between Truman and MacArthur.
High costs led Americans to reject the Democrats in the 1952 elections.

16. Tensions grow between the President and his General
Early 1951, General Douglas MacArthur was convinced that the communists were using Korea as a beginning for global conquest, he called for using the nuclear weapons against China.
Truman rejected MacArthur’s request, and along with General Omar Bradley, Commander of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, suggested that this was the wrong time to engage China.

17. Tensions grow between the President and his General
Not satisfied with how the war in Korea was progressing, MacArthur renewed his call to attack China by going over the President’s head and appealing to the American public in print.
MacArthur was repeatedly warned that he did not have the authority to attack, but he continued in his quest.

18. Tensions grow between the President and his General
Truman, besides being President, was MacArthur’s boss, and was just as stubborn as the General.
Truman grew weary of MacArthur’s behavior and he could no longer tolerate a military commander who was trying to undermine the President.
On April 11, 1951, Truman made a shocking announcement that he had fired MacArthur.

19. Tensions grow between the President and his General
Many Americans agreed with MacArthur, and when he returned to the states, he was given a hero’s welcome.
MacArthur gave an address to Congress outlining why his plan was necessary.
Truman let MacArthur have his moment, and when everything dies down, slowly began making their case for a limited war and not engaging China.
In the end, both the public and Congress sided with Truman, and MacArthur faded away.

20. Class work
Re-teaching Activity
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