1. Climate Change on Millennial Time Scale During the Last
Interglacial-Glacial Period
 Heinrich events, Bond cycles, D/O cycles

2. Heinrich  1988 H1
14,300 H2
21,000 H3
27,000 H4
35,500 H5
52,000 H6
69,000

3. Bond  1992 1. Different IRD composition with the ambient sediments.
2. H1 and H2 in Labrador Sea contain thick layers rich in detrital carbonate and westward increase in thickness.
3. The <2m fraction in H1, 2, 4, 5, 6 have an average K/Ar age of 897 Myr.

5. Dansgaard  1993 1. Climate in the North Atlantic region is able to
reorganize itself rapidly.
2. Climate instability was not confined to the last glaciation, but appears also to have been marked during the last interglacial.
summit

8. Bond  1993
1. The SST from North Atlantic sediments closely match the ice-core record.
2. The shifts in ocean-atmosphere temperature bundle into cooling cycles, lasting on average 10 to 15 kyr.
3. Each cycle culminated in a discharge of icebergs into the North Atlantic , followed by an abrupt shift to a warmer climate.

10. Bond  1995
1. The calving cycles correlate with warm-cold oscillations, called Dansgaard-Oeschger events, in Greenland ice cores.
2. Each cycle records synchronous discharges of ice from different sources, and the cycles are decoupled from SST.
3. A mechanism operating within the atmosphere that caused rapid oscillations in air temperatures above Greenland and in calving from more than one ice sheets.

14. Sea-level and isotopic composition change at the end of the Last Glaciation

15. Reconstruction of SST in August (open circles) and February (dots) in the southeastern Norwegian Sea