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Published byKirsi-Kaisa Koskinen Modified over 6 years ago
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Acids, Bases, & pH TSW differentiate between acids and bases, and explain the importance of pH to organisms
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Acids Substances that increase the number of Hydrogen ions (H+) in solution
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Bases Substances that increase the number of Hydroxide ions (OH-) in solution Substances that reduce the number H+ ions in a solution
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pH Scale Used to measure the degree of acidity of a substance
Ranges from 0-14 pH = 7 is neutral pH < 7 is acidic pH > 7 is basic
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pH of Common Substances
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Good to know… The pH scale is a measure of H+ ions in solution
A low pH corresponds to a high concentration of H+ ions A high pH corresponds to a low concentration of H+ ions
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pH Scale (cont.) pH scale is logarithmic
A change of one pH number actually represents a TENFOLD change in [H+] Example: pH 3 is 10x more acidic than pH 4 pH 3 is 100x more acidic than pH 5
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Buffers A weak acid or base that can react with strong acids or bases to help prevent sharp, sudden changes in pH
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Why are buffers important?
Accept H+ ions when they are in excess Donate H+ ions when they have been depleted Many biological reactions produce acids and bases, therefore the presence of buffers helps to keep the pH at a constant level Help maintain homeostasis
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