1. Su Yeon Kye, Keeho Park, Min Kyoung Lim National Cancer Center November, 3, 2011 Psychosocial factors related to self- perception of diet quality among South Korean adults

2. Background Psychosocial factors mediating the effects of social structural factors on individual health outcomes conditioned and modified by the social structures and contexts in which they exist Macro level social structure Business Legal and welfare Income resources Meso level social formations Meso level psychosoci al factors Individual psychologi cal factors biology behavior health Religion Family Firm Social support Social network Stressful event perception Source: Martikainen P. Psychosocial determinants of health in social epidemiology. Int J Epidemiol 2002;31:1091-1093

3. Background Personality influence the health behaviors(smoking, drinking, physical fitness, treatment adherence, physical functioning, cancer screening, etc) Substance abuseUnsafe drivingRisky sexual practices Healthy behavior Extraversion++++ Neuroticism++-- Agreeableness--+ Conscientiousness--+ Openness+++ Impulsivity+++- Source: Bermudez. Personality and health protective behavior. Eur J Pers 1999;13:83-103 Stress and coping strategy influence on health behaviors Sense of coherence and social support are positively associated with health behaviors However, few studies have investigated the influence of personality, stress, coping methods, sense of coherence, and social support on a healthy diet.

4. Objective To determine the relationship between self-perception of diet quality and related factors: Personality Impulsiveness Stress Coping strategy Sense of coherence Self-efficacy social support.

5. Methods : design and sample Cross-sectional study (October 2009) Face to face interview after multiple-stratified random sampling from a population-based database 1,530 participants aged 30 or older who did not have a history of cancer (response rate 36%)

6. Methods : measures Self-perception of diet quality : to indicate if they consumed a diverse, well-balanced diet that included sufficient amounts of fruits and vegetables Personality : Ten-Item Personality Inventory developed by Gosling (2003). Big Five personality domains (extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotional stability, and openness to experience) Impulsiveness : Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (1997) Stress : Psychosocial Well-being Index-short form (PWI-SF) (2000)

7. Methods : measures Coping strategy : Coping Strategy Indicator developed by Amirkhan (1990) Sense of coherence : Sense of Coherence Scale (SOC-13) developed by Antonovsky (1993) Self-efficacy : to indicate if they were capable of consuming a diverse, balanced diet with sufficient fruits and vegetables Social support : Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) developed by Zimet (1988)

8. Results N(%)OR95% CI Age, years 30-39469(30.7)1.00 40-49481(31.4)0.940.68-1.29 50-59339(22.2)1.521.05-2.18 60-69241(15.8)2.021.30-3.15 Marital status Uncoupled203(13.3)1.00 Coupled1,327(86.7)1.611.10-2.35 Monthly family income, US dollars (missing n=19) <2,000318(21.0)1.00 2,000 – 3,990847(56.1)1.140.81-1.60 4,000 346(22.9)1.811.20-2.72 Perceived cancer risk Low726(47.5)1.00 Moderate666(43.5)0.710.54-0.93 High138(9.0)0.580.37-0.92 Drinking Yes527(34.4)0.480.36-0.63 No1,003(65.6)1.00 Exercise Yes677(44.2)1.661.28-2.15 No853(55.8)1.00

9. Results OR95% CI Personality: agreeableness Low1.00 Moderate0.700.52-0.95 High0.660.47-0.94 Personality: conscientiousness Low1.00 Moderate0.600.45-0.82 High0.740.51-1.08 Stress Low1.00 Moderate0.790.47-1.33 High0.460.24-0.85 Sense of coherence Low1.00 Moderate1.150.84-1.57 High1.451.02-2.07 Self-efficacy Low1.00 Moderate5.123.91-6.71 High6.704.36-10.30 Social support Low1.00 Moderate1.821.33-2.50 High1.391.01-1.92

10. Discussion Optimistic perception of their diet : 63.1% (perception) vs 25.7% (objective proportion, Ministry of Health & Welfare, 2008) Stress management program will be helpful People who resist the negative effects of stress are more likely to consume healthy diet Self-efficacy has been used to assess dietary behavior and is generally accepted as a significant indicator It is necessary to determine which social support sources provide certain types of support, because this can guide efforts to promote healthy diet based on the receivers educational needs

11. Limitation The measure of diet variable and self-efficacy were limited to a single question Actual frequency and volume of the consumption of fruits and vegetables is needed

12. Thank you