1. The Concept of Tone in Fiction
TONE in LITERATURE
The Concept of Tone in Fiction
TONE is the method by which authors reveal attitudes or feelings. For example, the tone of a story can be grim, as in “The Sniper” or humorous as in the
“A & P.”

2. A major aspect of TONE is the communication of HUMOR
The Concept of Tone in Fiction
A major aspect of TONE is the communication of HUMOR

3. The Concept of Tone in Fiction
Elements of HUMOR:
1. Something to laugh at: a habit, a person, a situation, a custom, etc.

4. 2. Incongruity : anything contrary to expectations
The Concept of Tone in Fiction
Elements of HUMOR:
2. Incongruity : anything contrary to expectations

5. 2. Incongruity : anything contrary to expectations
The Concept of Tone in Fiction
Elements of HUMOR:
2. Incongruity : anything contrary to expectations

6. 2. Incongruity : anything contrary to expectations
The Concept of Tone in Fiction
Elements of HUMOR:
2. Incongruity : anything contrary to expectations

7. : anything contrary to expectations
The Concept of Tone in Fiction
Elements of HUMOR:
: anything contrary to expectations

8. contrary to expectations
The Concept of Tone in Fiction
Elements of HUMOR:
contrary to expectations

9. The Concept of Tone in Fiction
Elements of HUMOR:

10. The Concept of Tone in Fiction
Elements of HUMOR:

11. The Concept of Tone in Fiction
Elements of HUMOR:

12. The Concept of Tone in Fiction
Elements of HUMOR:

13. The Concept of Tone in Fiction
Elements of

14. The Concept of Tone in Fiction
Elements of

15. The Concept of Tone in Fiction
2. Incongruity: For example: (from a recent news story) Former Harvard professor, Weldong Xu was arrested in March after he tried to cheat colleagues out of $600,000. Detectives were astonished to find he had spent a lot of the money on a traditional Nigerian money-laundering scam. “The big-shot Harvard professor never caught on,” said Detective Steve Blair.

16. The Concept of Tone in Fiction
Elements of HUMOR:
3. Safety of the Audience: it’s funny to see the guy slip on the banana peel, but it’s not funny if it happens to you.

17. The Concept of Tone in Fiction
Elements of HUMOR:
4. Unfamiliarity/Uniqueness: seeing something in a spontaneous, unique or different way.

18. The Concept of Tone in Fiction
Elements of HUMOR:
4. Unfamiliarity/Uniqueness: seeing something in a spontaneous, unique or different way.

19. The Concept of Tone in Fiction
Elements of HUMOR:
4. Uniqueness: seeing something in a spontaneous, unique or different way.

20. The Concept of Tone in Fiction
Elements of HUMOR:
4. Uniqueness: seeing something in a spontaneous, unique or different way.

21. Another major aspect of TONE is IRONY
The Concept of Tone in Fiction
Another major aspect of TONE is IRONY
IRONY – “ a means of indirection” or “incongruity between the actual result of a sequence of events and the expected result.”

22. Another major aspect of TONE is IRONY
The Concept of Tone in Fiction
Another major aspect of TONE is IRONY
IRONY – “ a means of indirection” or “incongruity between the actual result of a sequence of events and the expected result.”

23. The Concept of Tone in Fiction
Elements of IRONY:
1. VERBAL IRONY: One thing is said, but the opposite is meant. Examples: hyperbole, overstatement, understatement, double-entendre.

24. The Concept of Tone in Fiction
Elements of IRONY:
1. VERBAL IRONY: hyperbole – exaggeration – e.g. “I could sleep for a year.”

25. The Concept of Tone in Fiction
Elements of IRONY:
1. VERBAL IRONY: hyperbole – exaggeration – e.g. “I could sleep for a year.”

26. The Concept of Tone in Fiction
Elements of IRONY:
1. VERBAL IRONY: overstatement
(e.g.- Welcome to my grand castle!)

27. VERBAL IRONY: understatement – (“My ride is just a mini-van.”)
The Concept of Tone in Fiction
Elements of IRONY:
VERBAL IRONY: understatement – (“My ride is just a mini-van.”)

28. The Concept of Tone in Fiction
Elements of IRONY:
1. VERBAL IRONY: One thing is said, but the opposite is meant. Examples: hyperbole, overstatement, understatement, double-entendre.

33. The Concept of Tone in Fiction
Elements of IRONY:
2. SITUATIONAL IRONY: Difference between what we expect and what actually happens.

34. The Concept of Tone in Fiction
Elements of IRONY:
3. COSMIC IRONY: (Irony of Fate) Difference between what we expect and what fate deals us.

35. The Concept of Tone in Fiction
Elements of IRONY:
Texas City, Texas (near Galveston) was the site of the nation's deadliest industrial accident. Two cargo ships loading nitrates, a fertilizer, caught on fire and exploded. The waterfront blast killed 576 in Another 3,500 people were injured.

36. The Concept of Tone in Fiction
Elements of IRONY:
Texas City Disaster

37. The Concept of Tone in Fiction
Elements of IRONY:
Texas City Disaster

38. The Concept of Tone in Fiction
Elements of IRONY:
The tidal wave from the explosion sent this 30 ton barge 100 feet inland.

39. The Concept of Tone in Fiction
Elements of IRONY:
Texas City Disaster

40. The Concept of Tone in Fiction
Elements of IRONY:
4. Dramatic Irony: a character lacks information that the other characters/audience sees clearly or understands.

41. The Concept of Tone in Fiction
Elements of IRONY:
4. Dramatic Irony: