1. Bacteria

2. Classification Domain Archaea and Kingdom Archaebacteria
…No peptidoglycan in cell wall
…DNA similar to Eukaryotes
…Harsh Environments

3. Domain Bacteria and Kingdom Eubacteria
…Peptodoglycan in cell wall
…DNA unlike eukaryotes

4. Bacteria Anatomy
Cell Wall
Capsule
Endospore
Pili
Flagella

5. Bacteria commonly come in three forms. rod-shaped, called bacilli
spiral, called spirilla or spirochetes
spherical, called cocci
Lactobacilli: rod-shaped
Spirochaeta: spiral
Enterococci: spherical

6. Bacteria can evolve resistance to antibiotics.
A bacterium carries genes for antibiotic resistance on a plasmid.
A copy of the plasmid is transferred through conjugation.
Resistance is quickly spread through many bacteria.

7. Viruses Nonliving particle that can cause disease.
Composed of a protein coat and nucleic acid

11. Viruses cause two types of infections.
Lytic
host bacterium
The bacterophage attaches and injects it DNA into a host bacterium.
The host bacterium breaks apart, or lyses. Bacteriophages are able to infect new host cells.
The viral DNA directs the host cell to produce new viral parts. The parts assemble into new bacteriophages.
The viral DNA forms a circle.
The virus may enter the
lysogenic cycle, in which the
host cell is not destroyed.

12. Lysogenic The prophage may leave the host’s DNA and enter the
The viral DNA is called a prophage
when it combines with
the host cell’s DNA.
Although the prophage is not
active, it replicates along with
Many cell divisions produce a
colony of bacteria infected
with prophage.
The prophage may leave the
host’s DNA and enter the
lytic cycle.

13. Kingdom Protista Animal-like (Protozoans) Flagella, Cilia, Pseudopodia
Plant-like (Algae)
Photosynthetic
Fungi-like (Protozoans)
Slime Molds and Water Molds

14. Kingdom Fungi Plants and fungi have different traits.
Fungal cell walls are made of chitin.
Plant cell walls are made of cellulose.
Plants have chlorophyll and photosynthesize.
Fungi absorb food through hyphae.
Decomposers, Pathogens, Mutualists