1. Provider Consolidation
Hospitals
528 hospitals were involved in mergers/acquisitions between 2010 and 2012
Physician practices
29% of MDs now employed by hospitals or hospital-owned practices (up from 16% in 2007)
Increase in mean practice size outside hospitals
Dialysis clinics
Share of top two chains is ~2/3 (up from ~1/3 in 2000); jointly operate 3,500+ clinics
Long-term care pharmacies
Share of top two chains is now 57%; jointly operate 200+ pharmacies
Source: Presentation by Leemore Dafny, Northwestern University, to Commonwealth Fund, June 30, 2014.