1. Immigration Open and Close

2. Canada’s Open Door Policy
An immigration policy that puts no restrictions on who can immigrate
3 main groups to immigrate to Canada
Britain US
Europe
Despite protest from some groups, Canada encouraged immigrants form Central and Eastern Europe

3. Closing the Door
Labour unions wanted to stop the influx of low pay immigrant workers who could threaten job security
Feared the non-British immigrants would threaten cultural identity
French Canadians feared a further decline of French culture
Racial prejudice was widespread

4. Asian Exclusion League
Opponents of Asian immigration
In 1907 Vancouver, they protested in favour of a bill to exclude Japanese immigrants form entering Canada
Protest turned into a riot
1000s of protestors attacked and vandalized Chinese and Japanese neighbourhoods

5. Succumbing to Pressure
Canada internationally embarrassed by the riot as Japan was an ally of Britain
Prime Minister Bordon apologized to the Japanese government and formed a Royal commission to investigate the riot and compensate victims
In the same year, the Canadian government set a limit of 400 male Japanese immigrants per year

6. Limiting Asian Immigration (Again)
Continuous Passage Act
A law in 1908 that allowed entry into Canada only to immigrants who had arrived by a single direct route
Directly targeting immigrants from Asia as there is almost no possible way to make that journey by boat in a non stop direct passage

8. Komagata Maru Incident

9. Komagata Maru Incident
May 23, 1914, a crowded ship from Hong Kong carrying 376 passengers, arrived in Vancouver
challenging the Continuous Passage Act
The Komagata Maru was denied docking by the authorities and only twenty returning residents, and the ship's doctor and his family were eventually granted admission to Canada.
Following a two month stalemate, the ship was escorted out of the harbour by the Canadian military and forced to sail back to India where nineteen of the passengers were killed by gunfire upon disembarking and many others imprisoned.

10. Canada Apologizes (Again)
The BC government formally apologized for the Komagata Maru Incident May 23rd 2008
A monument was unveiled on Vancouver's seawall in 2012, funded by the federal government.