1. Management Information Systems: Classic Models and New Approaches
Chapter 17

2. Objectives
List and describe the classic functions of managers – planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling
Describe the purpose and components of a management information system (MIS)
Explain how computer networking and related software have flattened the classic management pyramid

3. Objectives
Describe how many companies use employees in task-oriented teams
Describe the purpose and function of sophisticated software for top managers
Explain the problems and solutions related to managing personal computers
Explain the concept of total cost of personal computer ownership

4. Contents Management Functions Management Levels Information Systems
Personal Computer Management
MIS Leads into the Future

5. Management Functions Planning Get the job done Organizing On time
Devise short-range and long-range plans and set goals to help achieve the plans
Organizing
How to use resources
Staffing
Directing
Guiding employees to perform their work
Controlling
Monitoring progress towards goals
Get the job done
On time
Within budget
Satisfactorily
Using available resources

6. Management Levels High level (strategic) Middle level (tactical)
Long-range view
Planning
Middle level (tactical)
Carry out the plan
Assemble the material
Hire the resources
Organize and staff
Low level (operational)
Supervisor
Directing and controlling

7. Management Levels Job titles Comfortable with
Chief information officer (CIO)
Director of information services
Information resource manager
MIS manager
Comfortable with
Computer technology
Organization’s business

8. Management Levels Interaction Among Employees
Traditional hierarchy
High level manager issues directives to a group of middle level managers
Each middle level manager issues directives to a group of low level managers
Each low level manager supervises other employees to see that the work is completed

9. Management Levels Interaction Among Employees
Modern Hierarchy
Dispersion of information via network
Groupware
Authority and work of managers has been altered
Promotes sharing of information
Decisions that were once management are now open for comment and change
Supports team-based and information-driven organization

10. Management Levels Interaction Among Employees
Need new ways to monitor employees
Selection and training of employees
Set clear expectations
Use customer satisfaction to determine performance

11. Flattening the pyramid
Management Levels
Flattening the pyramid

12. Information Systems MIS Management Information System
DSS Decision Support Systems
EIS Executive Information Systems

13. MIS Management Information System
Data + Organization
Set of formal business systems designed to provide information for an organization
Computers are typical components

14. DSS Decision Support Systems
Supplements an MIS
Pulls information from variety of databases
Interactive
Nonroutine decision-making
Model – mathematical representation of real-life system
Simulation – using a computer model to reach a decision about a real-life situation

15. MIS vs. DSS MIS DSS Planned reporting
Standard, scheduled, structured, and routine
Constrained by the organizational system
DSS
Decision making
Unstructured and by request
Immediate and friendly

16. EIS Executive Information Systems
DSS for top-level managers
How decisions effect entire organization
Overall vision; company goals
Long-term objectives
Organizational structure
Staffing and labor relations
Crisis management
Control of overall operations
Access to information from external sources

17. Personal Computers Management
Benefits
Increased productivity
Independence from MIS department
Problems
No one in charge of overall purchase of PCs
Incompatibility
Network related issues
Needed data from MIS
Training
Inventory

18. Personal Computers Management
Solutions
Staffing
Personal Computer Manager
Network Manager
Acquisitions policies
Information centers for assistance and training
Use software to control inventory of PCs
Remote access
Consider total cost of ownership (TCO)

19. Personal Computers Management
Personal Computer Manager
Technology overload – provide guidance to users for purchase and use
Data security and integrity – addresses the issues of who has access to what
Computer junkies – set guidelines for PC use
Network Manager
Operational
Provide methods for sharing
Install software
Backup
Network security

20. Personal Computers Management
Manager Characteristics
MIS background
Technical knowledge
Benefits and limitations of computers

21. Personal Computers Acquisition
Standards
Hardware
Software
Data communications
Limit the number of vendors

22. Personal Computers Information Center
Services
Software and hardware selection
Data access
Network access
Training
Technical assistance
Easily accessible location
“User comes first”

23. Personal Computers Training
Traditional approach
Sporadic participation
Minimal results for extended training
Better approach
Initial training
Home-grown gurus
Follow-up support
Involve the workers
Web and CD based training

24. Personal Computers Inventory
Budgets
Software
Count computers
Determines components
Determine installed software

25. Personal Computers Remote Access
Equipment needs
Security concern
Training

26. TCO Total Cost of Ownership
Initial hardware and software
Training
Support
Upgrading
Maintenance
Hardware
Software extras
Communications networks
TCO estimated at
four times
the hardware costs!

27. TCO Reduce the TCO
Limited Options – standardize the ordering process including hardware, software, and options
Helpful software – counts computers and determines their components and installed software in a networked environment
Hardware and software upgrades – insure there is justification for an upgrade

28. Management Information Systems
Leading Business into the Future