1. Traction Alopecia Dermatologic Clinics
Paradi Mirmirani, MD, Nonhlanhla P. Khumalo, MBChB, FCDerm (SA), PhD 
Dermatologic Clinics 
Volume 32, Issue 2, Pages (April 2014)
DOI: /j.det
Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

2. Fig. 1
Hair loss along the frontal marginal hairline due to prolonged use of hair braids.
Dermatologic Clinics  , DOI: ( /j.det )
Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

3. Fig. 2
Presence of perifollicular pustules in a child with early traction.
Dermatologic Clinics  , DOI: ( /j.det )
Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

4. Fig. 3
The presence of the “fringe sign” in a woman with advanced traction alopecia. There is a margin of retained but finer, thinner-caliber hairs along the hairline and in front of the patch of alopecia. There are decreased but retained follicular markings in the area of alopecia.
Dermatologic Clinics  , DOI: ( /j.det )
Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

5. Fig. 4
A “horseshoe” or curved pattern of traction alopecia along the frontal scalp. The patient developed hair loss after placement of a weave.
Dermatologic Clinics  , DOI: ( /j.det )
Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

6. Fig. 5
Scalp biopsy from a patient with chronic traction alopecia showing reduced follicular density, follicular miniaturization, and retained sebaceous glands (hematoxylin-eosin, original magnification ×40).
(From Samrao A, Price VH, Zedek D, et al. The “Fringe Sign”—A useful clinical finding in traction alopecia of the marginal hair line. Dermatol Online J 2011;17(11):1; with permission.)
Dermatologic Clinics  , DOI: ( /j.det )
Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

7. Fig. 6
Frequency of TA in a population of school children and adults 8.6% (6–7 years), 15.6% (10–15 years), to 21.7% (17–21 years) adult women (31.7%).
(Data from Khumalo NP, Jessop S, Gumedze F, et al. Hairdressing is associated with scalp disease in African schoolchildren. Br J Dermatol 2007;157(1):106–10; and Khumalo NP, Jessop S, Gumedze F, et al. Hairdressing and the prevalence of scalp disease in African adults. Br J Dermatol 2007;157(5):981–8.)
Dermatologic Clinics  , DOI: ( /j.det )
Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions