1. Volume 74, Issue 4, Pages 1654-1657 (April 1998)
Fabrication of a New Substrate for Atomic Force Microscopic Observation of DNA Molecules from an Ultrasmooth Sapphire Plate 
K. Yoshida, M. Yoshimoto, K. Sasaki, T. Ohnishi, T. Ushiki, J. Hitomi, S. Yamamoto, M. Sigeno 
Biophysical Journal 
Volume 74, Issue 4, Pages (April 1998)
DOI: /S (98)
Copyright © 1998 The Biophysical Society Terms and Conditions

2. Figure 1
AFM image and a line profile on the sapphire annealed at 1000°C in air.
Biophysical Journal  , DOI: ( /S (98) )
Copyright © 1998 The Biophysical Society Terms and Conditions

3. Figure 2
AFM image and a line profile on the surface of the sapphire annealed and then wet-treated with Na3PO4 aqueous solution.
Biophysical Journal  , DOI: ( /S (98) )
Copyright © 1998 The Biophysical Society Terms and Conditions

4. Figure 3
Photographs showing a contact angle of a drop of water on the as-annealed sapphire substrate (a) and on the substrate annealed and then wet-treated with Na3PO4 Aqueous solution (b).
Biophysical Journal  , DOI: ( /S (98) )
Copyright © 1998 The Biophysical Society Terms and Conditions

5. Figure 4
Time dependence of surface roughness (Ra) of mica plate and wet-treated sapphire plate.
Biophysical Journal  , DOI: ( /S (98) )
Copyright © 1998 The Biophysical Society Terms and Conditions

6. Figure 5
AFM image of plasmid DNA with a ring structure on the ultrasmooth sapphire substrate wet-treated with Na3PO4 aqueous solution (image size: 670nm×450nm).
Biophysical Journal  , DOI: ( /S (98) )
Copyright © 1998 The Biophysical Society Terms and Conditions