1. Developmental Plasticity and Symbiosis
Environment is not as bad as we thought
Reaction Norm vs. Polyphenism
Environmental regulation of phenotypes
Learning

2. Nature vs Nurture?

3. Plasticity
Phenotypic
Developmental

4. Reaction Norm

5. Polyphenism

6. Dung Beetles and Ants: Diet-induced polyphenisms
Queen Ant vs Worker Ant
Horned male Dung Beetles: Protector of the Female.

7. Diet and Gene regulation
DNA methylation
viable-yellow of Agouti- transposon in cis-regulatory element.

8. Predator-induced Polyphenisms
Kairomones

9. Predator-induced Polyphenisms: Amphibians
More muscle mass in tail.
Kairomones can make the tadpole more sensitive to environmental insults: fertilizers et al.
Figure 17.6

10. Good Vibrations
Fig. 17.7
Geronimo
Try to find good model for this

11. Temperature and Sex

12. Temperature and Butterfly wings

13. Environment, Anxiety, and DNA methylation

14. Learning
No division
New Neurons
Changing connections

15. Nervous system: Plasticity and Learning

16. Experience and vision Hubel and Wiesel (1960s)
Right eye occluded for 3 months
Occurs within 4 to 6 weeks of birth

17. Life cycle and Polyphenisms
Diapause
Larval Settlement

18. Spadefoot Toad

19. Symbiosis
Parasitism
Mutualism
Commensalism

20. Developmental Symbiosis: passing on the help
Vertical transmission
Horizontal transmission
Wolbachia infection

21. Shedding light on symbiosis
Euprymna-Vibrio
Light organ development and luminescence

22. Obligate mutualism Filariasis worm and Wolbachia
Spotted Salamander and Oophilia amblystomatis

23. Symbiosis in mammalian intestine