1. Atoms are the smallest form of elements
The Atoms Family
Atoms are the smallest form of elements

2. Matter Anything that has mass and takes up space (has volume)
Made up of different kinds of atoms
Includes all things that can be seen, tasted, smelled, or touched
Does not include heat, sound, or light

3. In science, anything that has mass and takes up space is called matter
Everything in the universe is made of matter
A really loooooong time ago, the Greeks concluded that matter could be broken down into particles too small to be seen.
3 forms of matter: solid liquid, gas (pop quiz questions about this later)
Atom means indivisible
They called these particles
atoms

4. So, what’s an atom?
An atom is the smallest piece that matter can be broken down to
Okay, but I’ve never seen an atom Where are they?

5. Atoms are EVERYWHERE!! Atoms are in . . . plants hair desks boogers
CDs
Atoms are in . . .
hot dogs
chocolate
cheese
dirt
air
And even underwear
cars

6. What do atoms look like?
There is no "atomic microscope" which would allow one to look inside an atom and say, "Aha! There's 7 blue protons, 6 white neutrons, and 7 red electrons." The way the structure of the atom was devised was through a long series of experiments
Scientists have developed models . . .
There is no "atomic microscope" which would allow one to look inside an atom and say, "Aha! There's 7 blue protons, 6 green neutrons, and 7 red electrons."

7. Models
In the case of atoms, scientists use large models to explain something that is very small
Models of the atom were used to explain data or facts that were gathered experimentally.
So, these models are also theories

8. Early Models of the Atom Democritus
Universe was made of empty space and tiny bits of stuff
Called these tiny bits of stuff atomos
Atoms could not be divided

9. Early Models of the Atom Dalton
All elements are composed of indivisible particles.
Atoms of the same element are the same
Atoms of different elements are different.
Compounds consisted of atoms of different elements combined together

10. Early Models of the Atom Thompson
Plum pudding model
Atom made of a positively charged material with the negatively charged electrons scattered through it.

11. Early Models of the Atom Rutherford
Mostly empty space
Small, positive nucleus
Contained protons
Negative electrons scattered around the outside

12. Early Models of the Atom Bohr
Electrons move in definite orbits around the nucleus
Solar system model

13. Modern Model of the Atom The electron cloud
Sometimes called the wave model
Spherical cloud of varying density
Varying density shows where an electron is more or less likely to be

14. Atomic Structure Electrons Size = Tiny, very light particles
Charge = negative electrical charge (-)
Location = Move around the outside of the nucleus
Number = Same as Protons (if atom is neutral)
Purpose: Does the Work
Bonding
Chemical Reactions

15. Atomic Structure Protons Size = Much larger and heavier than electrons
Charge = positive charge (+)
Location = in nucleus of the atom 
Number = Same as Atomic Number
Purpose: Keeps the electrons around

16. Atomic Structure Neutrons Size = Bigger than protons
Charge = no electrical charge (0)
Location = nucleus of the atom 
Number = Atomic Mass – Atomic Number
Purpose: Keeps the protons together

17. Protons and neutrons are responsible for most of the mass of an atom.
Protons and neutrons are located in the of the atom
nucleus

18. Elements An is any piece of matter that consists of only atom. element
one
There are over 100 elements known to man
Each element has a name and a symbol
SONG

19. Describing Atoms Each element is identified by its atomic number
The atomic number tells how many are in the nucleus and how many are in the shells
protons
electrons
A neutral atom has the same amount of protons and electrons.
The total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus is called the
atomic mass number

20. The Atoms Family - Atomic Math Challenge
Atomic Number
Symbol
Name
Atomic Mass
protons
electrons
Atomic number equals the number of ____________ or _____________.
protons
neutrons
Atomic mass equals the number of ___________ + _____________.

21. Atomic Math
To determine the amount of neutrons for each element, the from the
subtract
atomic number
atomic mass number
How many protons does zinc have?
How many electrons does zinc have
How many neutrons does zinc have? 30 30 35

23. Assignment: Finish the rest of the worksheet and turn it in to your teacher.

24. Electrons
Electrons travel really fast around the nucleus in electron orbits or shells
Only electrons are located on the first shell, can fit onto the second shell, fit onto the third shell, and fit onto the fourth shell. 2 8 18 32

25. Bohr’s Model of the Atom
proton
shell
electron
neutron

26. Electron Cloud Model proton electron cloud
Why does this model show electrons in a cloud instead of an orbit? (fan demo)
What element is this?
proton
electron cloud

27. Ions & Isotopes The number of protons for a given atom never changes.
The # of electrons and neutrons can change.

28. Ions An atom that carries an electrical charge is called an ion Cation
If the atom loses electrons, the atom becomes positively charged (because the number of positively charged protons will be more the number of electrons)
Anion
If an atom gains electrons, the atom becomes negatively charged (more negative charges than positive charges)

29. Ions
Sodium has lost an electron. Now it has one more proton than electron.
One more proton means one more positive charge.
This makes the total charge of the atom POSITIVE.
Chlorine has gained an electron. Now it has one less proton than electron.
One less proton means one less positive charge.
This makes the total charge of the atom NEGATIVE.

30. Isotopes The number of protons for a given atom never changes.
The number of neutrons can change. 
Atoms with different numbers of neutrons are called isotopes
Have the same atomic number (number of protons)
Have different atomic mass numbers (number of protons + neutrons)

31. Drawing Isotopes

32. How to Write an isotope
Name of element – Mass Number (Protons + Neutrons)
Hydrogen – 1 (has one particle in the nucleus
*the one particle in the nucleus is a proton
Hydrogen – 2 (has 2 particles in the nucleus)
*Subtract the atomic number from the new atomic mass to get the new number of neutrons)
Hydrogen – 3 (has three particles in the nucleus)
*Only one particle is a proton, the others must be nutrons)

33. Bill Nye Atoms
Study Jams Atoms:
Brainpop:
Atoms:
Isotopes:
Ions:
Atomic Model:
Bill Nye Atoms: