1. Amendment in Montreal Protocol A landmark Deal in Kigali, Rwanda
18 October 2016

2. The Montreal Protocol A Successful Multi-lateral Environmental Agreement
The Montreal Protocol is an international treaty designed to protect the Ozone layer
1985 Vienna Convention (entered into force on 22 Sep 1988)
1987 Montreal Protocol (entered into force on 26 August 1989)
Amendments to the Protocol (1990-London, 1991-Nairobi, 1992-Copenhagen, 1993-Bangkok, 1995-Vienna, 1997-Montreal, 1998-Australia, 1999-Beijing
and 2016-Kigali, adopted but not entered into force)
Montreal Protocol amendment is legally binding.

3. Historical Amendments in Montreal Protocol
1990 London Amendment
100% cut on 15 CFCs, Halons, CT, MC by 2000 from 1986 levels.
1992 Copenhagen Amendment
100% cut on 15 CFCs, Halons, CT, MC by 1996 from 1986 levels.
HCFCs and Methyl Bromide added.
Source:

4. Amendments in Montreal Protocol
1995 Vienna Amendment
HCFCs consumption controls increased.
Grace period – informally adjusted/expanded for developing countries.
1997 Montreal Amendment
Methyl Bromide to be phased out by 2005
1999 Beijing Amendment
HCFC production controls; restrictions on HCFC trade with non-Parties; production and consumption controls for new group of substances, Bromochloromethane (BCM)

5. Amendments in Montreal Protocol
Kigali Amendment
All Developed and Developing countries agreed to reduce HFCs to save the planet
Decisions on three major issues for three sets of countries: CBDRR
1. Baseline (average consumption of HFCs)
Developed countries (Non-A5):
10 developing countries including India, Iran, Iraq, Pakistan, and some oil economies like Saudi Arabia and Kuwait):
Most of the developing countries including Bangladesh :

6. Amendments in Montreal Protocol
Kigali Amendment
2. Phasedown/Freezing of HFCs
Montreal Protocol parties reached a compromise, under which developed countries will start to phase down HFCs by 2019
Most of the Developing countries will freeze HFCs consumption by 2024
India and some other developing countries will freeze the consumption in 2028. 

7. Amendments in Montreal Protocol
Kigali Amendment
3. Reduction target of HFCs
Rich and industrialized countries bring down their HFCs production and consumption by at least 85 per cent by 2036 compared to their baseline value.
Developing countries including Bangladesh are mandated to reduce their HFC use by 85 per cent of their average value in by 2045
India, Iran, Iraq, Pakistan, and some oil economies like Saudi Arabia and Kuwait — will cut down their HFCs by 85  per cent of their values in by the year 2047
(Source: Ozone Secretariat, UNEP; BBC, Indian Express)

8. Amendments in Montreal Protocol
Kigali Amendment
4. Financial Issues
Countries also agreed to provide adequate financing for HFCs reduction, the cost of which is estimated at billions of dollars globally.
Grants for research and development of affordable alternatives to hydrofluorocarbons will be the most immediate priority.
The exact amount of additional funding will be agreed at the next Meeting of the Parties in Montreal, in 2017.
5. Entry into force
1 January 2019 (conditional)

9. Multilateral Fund
The main objective of the Fund is to assist developing country parties to comply with the control measures of the Protocol. Currently,
Since its inception in 1991, the Multilateral Fund has approved activities, including industrial conversion, technical assistance, training and capacity-building, worth over US $3.44 billion as of November 2015 (source: UNEP/Ozone Secretariat).
The Executive Committee approved the expenditure of approximately US $3.32 billion for the implementation of projects including industrial conversion, technical assistance, training and capacity building

10. Thank you