1. Engaging development actors
1 minute
NASC
Dr. Raghu Bista / Tara Pd. Kharel

2. Objectives Analyze stakeholders' interests and needs
Prioritize stakeholders’ concerns and expectations
Develop engagement strategy
Build networks, communicate and facilitate stakeholders for quality engagement
1 minute
10/04/2019

3. Contents
Identification of development actors, their interests, concerns and influence
Developing engagement strategy
Networking and communication strategies
Facilitation, and consensus building
1 minute
10/04/2019

4. Development Actors
Development is the state of growth or advancement from the existing situations.
Different individual, groups and organizations use to play roles for bringing change.

5. Development Activities
Development activities are the activities that are carried out to bring change.
The set of activities are grouped as programs or projects to achieve development objectives and goals.
There are many actors who play roles from project/program design, implementation to operation. Those actors are generally called as stakeholders

6. Stakeholders
Stakeholders are defined as all individuals or groups who are influencing / affected / involved / interested in the project and can potentially impact, either positively or negatively, its development.

7. Stakeholders Analysis
Stakeholder analysis is a useful tool for demonstrating some of the seemingly irresolvable conflicts that occur through the planned creation and introduction of new project.

8. Categorizing Stakeholders
External Stakeholders
Internal Stakeholders
Top management
Accountant
Other functional managers
Project team members
Others
Clients
Competitors
Suppliers
Environmental, political, consumer and other intervener group
Others

9. Case

10. Primary and Secondary Stakeholders
Primary Stakeholders: Primary interests on the programs/projects because they are directly affected either positively or negatively
Secondary Stakeholders: Stakeholders who are indirectly affected either positively or negatively

11. Why Engage Stakeholders?
Development is a collective efforts
Development Programs/projects affect the lives of people in a multitude of ways.
To achieve desired results, systematic information gathering about stakeholders and involvement of stakeholders are needed.

12. Why Engage Stakeholders? Cont..
Help to identify problems and conceptualize project and its scope
Involving stakeholders in the design process is critical to making project more successful
Help in clarifying which people and organisations are directly or indirectly involved in or affected by specific development problem/project

13. Why Engage Stakeholders? Cont..
During project implementation, stakeholder involvement, cooperation and consensus is vital for project success.
It helps to identify which groups are supportive and which may oppose the project strategy and subsequently obstruct project implementation
It provides a sound basis for taking appropriate actions to gain the support of opponents and to get key supporters more involved and help in smooth project implementation

14. Stakeholder Engagement Process
- Identify stakeholders - Clarify their interest (needs and expectations) - Comprehend their perceptions of the problem - Specify their resources (supportive and destructive) and influencing capacities - Identify probable areas of conflicts - Prioritize stakeholders’ interest/expectations - Develop engagement modality

15. Identification of Stakeholders
By brainstorming, reviewing similar past projects/programs, we can identify stakeholders. They can be:
Local people and institutions
Land owners/contributors
Poor, vulnerable and marginalized group
Public sector DEPTS
National ngos
Bilateral and multilateral donors
International ngos
Private sector / philanthropic /foundations
Multi-donor trust funds

16. Identification of Stakeholders Cont..
People’s representatives (parliament, state, local)
Academic / research institutions
Media
Legislative institutions and professional networks
Religious leaders and groups
Professional groups and networks
Youth groups
Representative of trade unions/labor unions
…………….

17. Carrying Out Stakeholder analysis
Stakeholders
Stakeholder's Interests
Perception of problems
Resources/Power
Mandates
Engagement Modality

18. Example : Road safety Improvement Project
Union of bus drivers
Department of Road
Passengers
Others

19. Carrying Out Stakeholder analysis
Stakeholders
Stakeholder's Interests
Perception of problems
Resources/Power
Mandates
Engagement Modality
Union of bus drivers
Improved working conditions for bus drivers
Low salaries, unreasonable working hours, poor road maintenance, old and poorly maintained buses
Can mobilize bus drivers to strike, strong collective bargaining power
To represent the interests of its members
Involve in Decision Making

20. Carrying Out Stakeholder analysis
Stakeholders
Stakeholder's Interests
Perception of problems
Resources/Power
Mandates
Engagement Modality
Department of Road
Improved roads in Kathmandu
Insufficient budget, poor roads, too many private vehicles,
Annual operating budget
To maintain, upgrade and expand road system
Involve in Decision Making

21. Carrying Out Stakeholder analysis Examples
Stakeholders
Stakeholder's Interests
Perception of problems
Resources/Power
Mandates
Engagement Modality
Passengers
Safe, reliable and reasonable and public transport
Many delays, frequent bus breakdowns, frequent accidents with passengers injuries, impolite drivers
Dangerous driving
Willingness to pay for improved services
N/A
Inform/Consult

22. Communication Plan
Project information brochures (in different languages as required)
Reports and publications
Public information board
Websites
Radio announcements
Posters etc.

23. Tools for Consultation
Surveys (to receive a more broad public opinion)
Focus group discussions (e.g. with vulnerable groups)
Public meetings /Public Hearing

24. Public Involvement Plan
Ignore stakeholders with less interest
Inform stakeholders who have medium interest and power
Consult who have more interests and more power
Involve in decision making for key stakeholders

25. Manage Stakeholders
After analysing stakeholders, necessary measures need to be developed and implemented to address different stakeholder concerns
Developing institutional mechanism for coordination/consultation with stakeholders
Taking supports of Positive stakeholders as well as opponent towards project goals is vital for project success

26. Group Exercise
Identify key actors for the development activities you have involved
Consider their expectations, motivation and mandate
Identify possible interest / role
Discuss options for engagement modality

27. Carrying Out Stakeholder analysis
Stakeholders
Stakeholder's Interests
Perception of problems
Resources/Power
Mandates
Engagement Modality

28. Conclusions Strategic analysis of stakeholders assesses:
Aspiration, interests of stakeholders
Problem perception (each one sees different aspects of the same problems-which aspects?)
Resources , mandate (capable and motivated to participate and contribute?)
Ways to enlist participation in the project (how to involve them in the project so that envisioned changes/results can happen?)

29. Thank You