1. Continental Drift Moving continents
_____________________– purposed that at one time there was only one type of supercontinent - Pangea
Continents fit together like pieces of jigsaw puzzle
_______________– composed of Europe, Asia, and North America
________________– composed of India, Africa, South America, Australia, and Antartica.

2. Figure 3-5 THE SUPERCONTINENT PANGEA.

3. Continental Drift Forces that drive continental movement
magma moves by convection currents
____________________- form along cracks where magma breaks through the crust
at ___________________old crust sinks into the mantle where it is recycled
seafloor spreading causes continental drift

4. Figure 3-6 FORMATION OF OCEANIC CRUST AND MOUNTAINS.

5. Figure 3-7 SEAFLOOR SPREADING AND CONTINENTAL DRIFT.

6. Continental Drift Evidence for continental drift
fit of continental boundaries
___________________
seafloor temperatures highest near ridges
___________________, as determined by samples drilled from the ocean bottom, increases with distance from a ridge

7. Figure 3-8 (upper) EARTHQUAKE ZONES AND TECTONIC PLATES.

8. Figure 3-8 (lower) EARTHQUAKE ZONES AND TECTONIC PLATES.

9. Figure 3-A MAGNETOMETER DATA.

10. Continental Drift Theory of ________________________
lithosphere is viewed as a series of rigid plates separated by earthquake belts
_______________________________: located at midocean ridges where plates move apart
convergent plate boundaries: located at trenches where plates move toward each other
_________________: regions where plates move past each other (e.g. transform faults)
rift zones: where lithosphere splits

11. Continental Drift _____________ (Deep Sea Vent) Communities
depend on specialized environments found at divergence zones of the ocean floor
first discovered by Robert Ballard and J.F. Grassle in 1977, in the Galápagos Rift
primary producers are chemosynthetic bacteria