1. NİŞANTAŞI ÜNİVERSİTESİ
AcademIc EnglIsh II
WEEK 6:Present and past forms of «can» & «have to»
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Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi
mmf.nisantasi.edu.tr

2. HAVE TO/HAS TO/ HAD TO- CAN/COULD
Preparation
Fill in the gaps with the correct word from the box
A _______________ is someone who is between thirteen and nineteen years old.
Teachers give you _______________ to do at
When you _______________ a meal, you make hot food.
A _______________ is something you learn how to do, like using a computer.
The instructions you follow to make a meal are called a _______________.
Some subjects are easy but others are _______________.
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3. NİŞANTAŞI ÜNİVERSİTESİ ©
CAN YOU COOK?
This teenager can – and his mum’s very proud of him.
Tom is like any other teenager. He goes to school, does his homework, meets his friends and enjoys doing sport. But between 5.30 and 6.30 from Monday to Friday, Tom does something different. He cooks dinner for his family: mom, dad, younger brother Joe and older sister Emma.
“I think it is important for teenagers to learn how to cook. They have to learn real life skills. Maths and English are important, of course, but they need other skills too to help them in today’s world. First, I taught Tom how to cook easy meals like pizza or egg and chips. Then he started taking recipes from cookbooks. Yesterday he made vegetable soup. He could make it without using the cookery books. I believe he didn’t have to use it because he memorized every recipe in the books! And the soup was delicious!” says Tom’s mum.
“I love cooking and I think I’m really good at it. None of my friends cook. I don’t know why, it isn’t difficult and it is great fun!” says Tom.
In the past, Tom didn’t help out at home and his mum wasn’t happy with him. Tom’s mum had to prepare the food all alone and Tom only could go shopping for dinner. Today, things are different and she is very happy.
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4. Circle True or False for these sentences.
Tom can do one thing that teenagers can’t normally do. True False
Tom is the only person who eats the food he cooks. True False
Tom's mum was happier when he didn't cook. True False
Tom's mum thinks learning to cook is good for teenagers. True False
Tom learned some recipes from his grandmother. True False
Tom's vegetable soup was not good. True False
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5. Form have to, has to’’ in the Simple Present
Pronouns
Affirmative sentences
Negative sentences
Questions
I, we, you, they
I have to get up early.
I do not have to get up early.
Do I have to get up early?
he, she, it
She has to get up early.
She does not have to get up early.
Does she have to get up early?
We use 'have to' to express a strong obligation. When we use 'have to', it usually means that some external circumstance makes the obligation necessary.
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6. ’had to’’ in the Simple Past
When we express obligation, we say ‘’have to.’’ When we express obligation for past tense, the past of have to is
always had to:
Ex: -I had to wash my car yesterday .
We had to go to bed at 8 o’clock when we were kids.
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7. Write whether these sentences are in present or past.
We didn’t have to get up early last Saturday __________
She has to go to school ____________
Did you have to set the table? ____________
We have to visit our grandparents. __________
He had to tidy his room yesterday. ____________
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8. NİŞANTAŞI ÜNİVERSİTESİ ©
Fill in the gaps using “have to”, “has to”, “don’t have to”, “doesn’t have to”
We _____ get up early on Mondays.
Mary _____ go to school on Saturdays.
She_____ wear glasses because she can’t see very well.
John_____ tidy his bedroom before going to bed.
I _____ lay the table before having lunch.
You ______ take your math book to school today, you don’t have math class.
He_____ wear uniform in his school. Everybody can wear what they like.
My father is a policeman. He_____ wear a uniform.
People ______ work to pay their bills. Life isn’t easy.
My father ______ have lunch in his office because he can’t go out during lunch time.
You _______start today. You can start tomorrow.
I _______ get early tomorrow because my train leaves at 8 o’clock.
We______ take a taxi. There is a bus every fifteen minutes.
John feels very bad. He _______ stay in bed today.
You _______ know everything.
You _______ get a visa to go to the USA.
We’re going. You ________ come with us if you don’t want to.
Jill has a new car. She _______ take the bus anymore.
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9. NİŞANTAŞI ÜNİVERSİTESİ ©
form
Positive sentences
I, he, she, it, we, you, they I had to get up early.
Negative Sentences
I did not have to get up early.
Questions
Did I have to get up early?
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10. Form sentences with don’t / doesn’t / didn’t + have to.
Ex. Why is he cleaning the bathroom? He doesn’t have to clean it.
Why are they going by bus? They ___________________________________________________.
Why did she get up so early? She ____________________________________________________.
Why do you want to go shopping? You ____________________________________________________.
Why did they buy the books? They ___________________________________________________.
Why is she washing the car? She ____________________________________________________.
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11. USE of ‘’can/can’t, could/couldn’t’’
Present Forms
Past Forms
Positive
I can drive.
Negative
I can’t drive.
Question
Can you drive?
Positive
I could drive.
Negative
I couldn’t drive.
Question
Could you drive?
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12. NİŞANTAŞI ÜNİVERSİTESİ ©
We use the modal can to make general statements about what is possible:
It can be very cold in winter. (= It is sometimes very cold in winter)
You can easily lose your way in the dark. (= People often lose their way in the dark)
We use could as the past tense of can:
It could be very cold in winter. (=Sometimes it was very cold in winter.)
You could lose your way in the dark. (=People often lost their way in the dark.)
We use could have to show that something is/was possible now or at some time in the past:
It’s ten o’clock. They could have arrived now.
They could have arrived hours ago.
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13. NİŞANTAŞI ÜNİVERSİTESİ ©
Impossibility
We use the negative can’t or cannot to show that something is impossible:
That can’t be true.
You cannot be serious.
We use couldn’t/could not to talk about the past:
We knew it could not be true.
He was obviously joking. He could not be serious.
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14. NİŞANTAŞI ÜNİVERSİTESİ ©
Ability
We use can to talk about someone’s skill or general abilities:
She can speak several languages.
He can swim like a fish.
They can’t dance very well.
We use can to talk about the ability to do something at a given time in the present or future:
You can make a lot of money if you are lucky.
Help. I can’t breathe.
They can run but they can’t hide.
3-We use could to talk about past time:
She could speak several languages.
They couldn’t dance very well.
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15. Fill in the gaps using ‘’can/can’t, could/couldn’t’’
Bob ____________ but he doesn't have a car. (drive)
When she was in school she _____________farther than anyone else. (jump)
I ________________ Bill. (not / understand)
He_______________ football well when he was a child. (play)
I ________________ this exercise yesterday.(not / do)
Ask Jim, he ________________ you. (help)
Some years ago I _________________ ten miles. (run)
He hurt his leg, so he _________________very well. (not / walk)
I _____________________ her at her office at the moment. (not / contact)
I ___________________ Bob on the corner. (see)
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16. NİŞANTAŞI ÜNİVERSİTESİ ©
Fill in the blanks below with ’can/can’t, could/couldn’t’’ to complete the sentences.
I __________go to the party last night because I was sick.
A: _____Noel cook Italian food?
B: Yes, he _________.
My sister __________ swim last year, but now she _____________.
They______________ go shopping yesterday because the store was closed.
A: _______you read when you were four years old?
B: Yes, I___________.
Ellie _________ride a bicycle. She rides it to school every day.
I’m very tired, so I _____________ go out to the park to play.
A: _______ you see the moon last night?
B: No, I _______ .
When ________I talk to you about the company report?
Most dinosaurs walked on land, but some __________fly or even swim.
Excuse me, I ___________hear you right now. The music is too loud.
I ____________drive a truck when I was only sixteen years old.
Douglas hit the tree because he ____________stop his car.
How many hot dogs ___________you eat at one time?
I __________read without my reading glasses. Where are they?
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17. NİŞANTAŞI ÜNİVERSİTESİ ©
kaynaklar
Compiled from different sources.
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