1. GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT
The Preschooler

2. Age appropriate changes & events
Height & weight
3 inches / yr.
5 pounds / yr.
Doubles 1 yr weight by 5 yrs.

3. Age appropriate changes & events
Muscular control
Vigorous play (swing, jump, ride tricycle)
Gait resembles adult

4. The Trusting Three’s Delightful Personal habits -Appetite
-Toilet control
-Dressing
-Hair
-Temper tantrums

5. Play – parallel & associative Loosely associated groups
The Trusting Three’s
Imaginative
Play – parallel & associative
Loosely associated groups
Converse with each other
When uncomfortable – back to parallel
Problem with sharing
Attention span of 15 minutes

6. The Trusting Three’s
-- enjoyment away from Mom & Dad -- father becoming more important -- romantic attachment to parent of opposite sex --begins to identify with parent of same sex

7. Frustrating Four’s Active, Noisy, Experimental, Tattles….
Shows fear of physical pain
Curious about gender differences
Big imagination
Masturbation common
Wonders about death & dying

8. Frustrating Four’s Runs Superior behavior Picks up swear words
Imaginative (pretend) play; dramatic
Aware of own age
Interested in family relationships

9. Frustrating Four’s Attention span 20 minutes
Likes music, simple instruments
300 – 400 questions per day
Vocabulary of 1500 words
Uses scissors successfully

10. Fascinating Five’s Washes & dresses self Toilets alone
10 hours of sleep; prn rest period
Completes tasks
Begins to lose deciduous teeth
Attention span 30 minutes

11. Fascinating Five’s Count to 10 Prints name, states days of the week
Interested in Aunts & Uncles
Speaks in 6 – 8 word sentences
Television
Understand rules; aware of others feelings
Good control over muscles

12. Fears Increased fears Conquering fear 1. Fear of dark, strangers
2. Fear of bodily harm; loss of body parts
Conquering fear
1. Acknowledge fears

13. Psychosocial Tasks - Erikson
Review
1. Trust vs Mistrust
2. Autonomy vs Shame & Doubt

14. Initiative vs Guilt Direct own actions
Likes to plan, start tasks, direct behavior
Handle independence & dependence
Developing a conscience, learn rules & social roles
Defeated, angry, feeling responsible, easily frightened
Tension develops
Developing reasons
Resulting behaviors

15. Psychosexual Theory - Freud
Phallic Stage
1. Identify with same gender parent
2. Aware of & explores body parts
3. Becoming aware of role of genders
Interventions
1.Education
2. Reaction
3. Do not punish
4. Public places
5. Simple answers
6. Open discussion
7. Why excessive

16. Freud Complexes
Oedipus complex
Electra complex
Resolution

17. Cognitive Development- Piaget
Preoperational Stage (2-7yrs)
Preconceptual (2-4yrs)
1. Develop language & symbolic functioning Egocentric
Intuitive (4-7yrs)
1. Centering
2. Lack reversibility

18. Moral Development - Kohlberg
Preconventional / premoral thinking
A. 4 – 7 yrs.
B. Learns reasoning
C. Rules absolute

19. Alternative Care Settings
In home care
Advantages / Disadvantages
Family daycare
Daycare centers

20. Effects of Alternative Care Settings

21. Cooperative play Play Characteristics A. Requirements
B. Uncomfortable situation
C. Suggested activities
-- Consider developmental age not
chronological age !!

22. Speech Development
Vocabulary Age 3 – words, 3 word sentences Age 5 – 2000 words, 6-8 word sentences Delays = 1. Physiological, psychological, environmental stressors 2. Language, cognition, & perceptual abilities necessary for elementary school success

23. Safety MVA Injuries Drowning Strangers
Good touch / Bad touch principles
Discuss concerns without shame
Safety programs
Clothing

24. Discipline Continuous warm relationship Limits
Acceptable behavior results
View of discipline
When given TYPES
Time outs
Consistency
Role modeling
Rewards

25. Preschool Problems Thumb sucking A. Satisfies & comforts
B. Not detrimental if stop before 2nd teeth erupt
C. Regression
D. Praise & encouragement

26. Preschool Problems Enuresis A. Types B. Problems for child & parent
C. Causes
D. Interventions

27. Preschool Problems Jealousy A. Normal response B. Sibling rivalry
C. Behaviors demonstrated
D. Interventions