1. Temperate Diciduous woodland
Case study Killynether Wood

4. CANOPY LAYER
SUB-CANOPY
SHRUB LAYER
GROUND AND FIELD LAYER

6. GROUND AND FIELD LAYER
FERNS
GRASSES
LEAF LITTER

7. MOSES AND LICHENS

8. OTHER FIELD LAYER FLORA

9. SHRUB LAYER
HOLLY
HAWTHORN
HAZEL

10. OAK
CANOPY/SUB-CANOPY

11. ASH

12. BIRCH

13. REFLECTING THE VARIETY OF HABITAT, IS A DIVERSE FAUNA

15. GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS

16. Characteristics of deciduous woodland
Multi-layered- all plants survive because they occupy different layers
Trees provide anchorage for other plants
85% of biomass in trees
Animal biomass is small but diverse
High volume of soil fauna
Above the surface, the most densely populated layer is the canopy
Soil- Brown Earth
Large return of nutrient in Autumn
Leaf litter forms a rich mull humus
In winter shrub layer may be more dense

17. Soil/ rock weathering & root decay
Solar Energy
Animal Migration
Litter Fall
Store
Litter Store
Soil/ rock weathering & root decay
Drainage