1. Monroe’s Presidency and Everyday Life
Lesson 3.6

2. Guiding Questions
What role did regional differences play in the early republic?
How did John Marshall’s Supreme Court expand the power of the federal government?
What was President Monroe’s foreign policy?
What was life like in the early republic?

3. sectionalism
narrow-minded concern for or devotion to the interests of one section of a country, rather than the country as a whole

4. American System
Proposed economic plan to support and protect American industry, 3 parts:
Protective tariffs
Federal banking
Funds for roads and canals

5. Interstate commerce
the purchase, sale or exchange of commodities, transportation of people, money or goods, and navigation of waters between different states

6. Monroe Doctrine
United States policy of opposing European colonialism in the Americas beginning in 1823

7. intervention
interference by a country in another's affairs

8. All these decisions established a strong central government.
3.6 Reading Notes
Supreme Court Cases
McCulluch v Maryland
Gibbons v Ogden
Trustees of Dartmouth College v Woodward
Fletcher v Peck
Decisions
McCulluch: Congress has the power to create a national bank
Gibbons: Congress has the right to regulate interstate commerce
Trustees: protected contracts, states cannot interfere with private coroporations
Fletcher: states not allowed to regulate business corporations
All these decisions established a strong central government.

9. Cornell Notes Section 3.6 Essential Question:
What major United States policies developed during James Monroe’s Presidency?

10. 1. Era of Good Feelings

11. Era of Good Feelings
In 1816 Monroe ran for President as a Democratic-Republican, and defeated Federalist candidate Rufus King
Monroe’s presidency ushered in what was known as the “Era of Good Feelings.” an era of peace, pride and progress created by:
1) Unity created by the War of 1812
2) Expansion of United States borders
3) Increased economic opportunity for citizens
4) Reduced political division
Emphasis on national unity was supported by two Supreme Court cases which enforced federal power:
McCulloch v Maryland (1819): Court supported the ‘implied powers’ of Congress in creating a national bank
Gibbons v. Ogden (1824): Court said that states could not interfere with the power of Congress to regulate interstate commerce
Despite the era’s name, Monroe would have to manage territorial conflicts with Spain, as well as division created by increased sectionalism arising in the United States

12. 2. Establishing Foreign Policy

13. Establishing Foreign Policy
The growing sense of pride would lead to the United States being more assertive in establishing its regional sovereignty
Rush- Bagot Agreement: Limited naval power on the Great Lakes for both the United States and British Canada
Convention of 1818: Set the border between the U.S. and Canada at 49*N Latitude, as far west as the Rocky Mountains
Adams-Onis Treaty: Under this treaty, Spain gave Florida to the U.S. in return for U.S. land claims in what is now Texas, and pay $5 million dollars in U.S. citizens claims against Spain
Resulted from Andrew Jackson’s unauthorized invasion of Florida in the first Seminole Wars, Jackson took over Spanish outposts and overthrew the Spanish Governor
Monroe Doctrine: Assertion of American foreign policy, warning European nations not to interfere in the Americas (Largely supported by Britain). Had 4 central points:
1) U.S. would not interfere in affairs of European nations
2) U.S. would recognize current European colonies in the Americas
3) Western hemisphere was off limits for future European colonization
4) U.S. would view any attempt to interfere with or colonize another nation in the western hemisphere as a hostile act

15. 3. Nationalism and Sectionalism

16. Nationalism and Sectionalism
Growing nationalism led to projects to unify and grow the economy of the United States
Kentucky Senator Henry Clay developed the American System- a series of measures to make the U.S. economically self-sufficient
Proposed making interstate trade easier, and internal improvements like canals and roads
Cumberland Road: First Road built by the federal government
Erie Canal: Ran from Albany, NY to Buffalo, NY and connected the Great Lakes region with the coast
But the growth of America led to increasing sectionalism- disagreements and different priorities found in the three regions
The issue of slavery was especially heated as territory expanded and new slave states entered the union
Missouri Compromise: Settles the conflict of Missouri’s application for statehood (Which had violated the previous Mason-Dixon line slavery boundary)
1) Missouri would enter the union as a slave state
2) Maine would enter as a free state, maintaining an even balance
3) Slavery would be prohibited north of 36*30 latitude (Missouri’s southern border)