1. Cold War- Pt 2
Major Ideas and Events

2. US vs. Soviet Union- each trying to spread their ideology after WWII
Cold War
US vs. Soviet Union- each trying to spread their ideology after WWII
Capitalism/Democracy vs. Communism

3. After WWII, US wants to stop the spread of communism
Containment Policy
After WWII, US wants to stop the spread of communism
Called containment policy
US tries many different ways to try and contain communism
Communism

4. What was the purpose of the containment policy?

5. Example of a policy of containment
Truman Doctrine (1947)
Example of a policy of containment
Pres. Truman said U.S. would provide aid to all nations resisting communism
Did it because we thought Soviet Union was aggressive- they were trying to spread communism
Spread of communism would threaten US interests

6. Truman Doctrine
U.S. helped in Turkey and Greece where communists were trying to take over

8. One of the strategies of containment
Marshall Plan (1947) - $$$
One of the strategies of containment
US would give money to help rebuild war-torn Western Europe- would encourage democracies
Helped to build strong economic ties with Western Europe
If we helped them, they would side with us

9. Marshall Plan (1947) - $$$ Proposed by General George Marshall
US gives $$$ to rebuild Western Europe
Encourages Democracies
Western Europe sides with the US, not Soviets
Proposed by General George Marshall
Considered one of most successful and important foreign policy actions in US history

11. How did the Marshall plan attempt to stop the spread of communism?

13. Berlin Airlift (1948)
Germany split into 4 zones- Berlin (capital city in the zone controlled by Soviets) also split into 4 zones
Soviet began a blockade of West Berlin (zone controlled by US/Britain/France)- was surrounded by Soviet zone
Cut off Britain, France, and the U.S. from their zones- no trains, trucks, supplies, etc

14. Berlin Airlift
Soviet did it to try and force Allied powers to withdraw from W Berlin so they could have control of all of it
United Nations and U.S. airlifted food and supplies into W Berlin for almost a year before Soviet gave up

17. Military Alliances NATO (1949) Warsaw Pact (1955)
North Atlantic Treaty Organization- NATO
Military alliance (not political, not social- MILITARY)
Created to provide security for U.S. and other democratic states in Europe and N America
Attack on one member  all members responded
Hoped would deter Soviets from attacking
Deterrence – creating military power to discourage attack
Military alliance of Soviet Union and its satellite nations
Soviet version of NATO
All of the “puppet” states forced to join
If one was attacked, all responded- wanted to deter US from attacking one of their countries

18. What was the goal of NATO?

21. Arms Race
US first to develop atomic weapons in WWII- but Soviets started working on some too
Soviets detonated their 1st atomic weapon in 1949
Start of arms race to see who could make biggest and best weapons

22. Resulted in stockpiles of nuclear weapons
Arms Race
Resulted in stockpiles of nuclear weapons
Led to use of brinkmanship – pushing affairs to brink of catastrophe
Used by both sides
Threat of nuclear war if the other side did not give in- “We’ll bomb you if. . .” “We’ll bomb you back”
Resulted in escalated tension and the production of lots of nuclear weapons, but no war

24. STAAR Practice
During the Cold War, the United States and the Soviet Union
broke all diplomatic ties
refused to trade with each other
formed competing military alliances
clashed over control of the Mediterranean Sea

25. STAAR Practice
During the Cold War, the United States and the Soviet Union
broke all diplomatic ties
refused to trade with each other
formed competing military alliances
clashed over control of the Mediterranean Sea

26. Big Idea
In what ways did the United States attempt to stop the spread of communism