1. Vietnam Chapter 20 & 22 review

2. Issues to Think About
Should people who believe the war is wrong be forced to fight?
Should people with special skills be exempt?
How could a draft be made fair?

3. Background on Vietnam
1930- Ho Chi Minh creates the Indochinese Communists Party
1940- Ho Chi Minh returns to Vietnam with a goal to gain the countries independence

4. “If ever the tiger (Vietnam) pauses…
the elephant (France) will impale him on his mighty tusks. But the tiger will not pause, and the elephant will die of exhaustion and loss of blood”
Ho Chi Mihn; 1945

5. Domino Theory
Once one country falls to communism in an area others will follow

6. Geneva Accord
July meeting between France, Great Britain, Soviet Union, China and Laos and Cambodia
Made a peace treaty which divided Vietnam at the 17th parallel
Communist – Ho Chi Mihn controlled the North
Anti-communist- Diem controlled the South

7. Vietnam 1954

8. Eisenhower & Kennedy
Sent more aid to South Vietnam as France pulled out

9. President Diem Catholic President in a Buddhist majority country
Corrupt administration
imprisoned & killed Buddhists

10. Protesting Against Diem

11. Diem’s Assassination
After Diems death South is closer to falling to the northern red commies

12. A Cold War Heats Up Gulf of Tonkin Incident: USS Maddox
2 American destroyers were
“Fired” upon by the North.
Gulf of Tonkin Resolutions (August 1964):
Congress gave LBJ their support in sending American personnel and materiel
NOT DECLARATION OF WAR

13. Vietcong guerrilla forces in S. Vietnam (the Vietcong)
The US was never
successful in shutting
down the Ho Chi Minh Trail, a supply line that ran between North and South Vietnam

14. Turning Point Operation Rolling Thunder- 1965
1968 Tet Offensive- surprise attack by Vietcong
Vietcong lost 30,000 lives
U.S. 3,000

15. A T.V. War
Kim Phuc

16. Credibility Gap
Americans began to believe that LBJ wasn’t telling them the truth about the war
in 1968, LBJ chose not to run for president, and Republican Richard M. Nixon was elected on a platform of “Peace with Honor”

17. Pentagon Papers-1970 the United States wants to show its credibility
Stated the U.S. would fight in order to preserve freedom all over the globe.
showed that if a nation crossed the United States, it was crazy enough to destroy that nation.

18. Nixon Ends Vietnam Policy of Vietnamization
w/o support of Congress Nixon orders a secret invasion of Cambodia
Henry Kissinger- “Peace is at hand” October 1972
March 29, 1973 the last combat troops leave Vietnam

19. Fall of Saigon After U.S. backed out cease fire agreement collapses
March North launches a full scale attack in the South
U.S. sends economic help but no troops
April 30th North Vietnamese reach Saigon

20. America After Vietnam Abolishment of draft War Powers Act-
* President must inform Congress within 48
hrs of sending troops into a hostile area
w/o declaration of war.
* War must be declared in 90 days if troops
remain there.
American’s will have a distrust of the gov. from this point on.
25th Amendment- Presidential Succession
26Th Amendment- lowered voting age to 18