1. CLIMATE

2. Climate
Weather: is the condition of the atmosphere at a given place and time.
Climate: weather conditions in an area averaged over a long period of time
Major global climate types are classified by temperature, precipitation, elevation and latitude

3. Koppen Classification

4. Rain concentrated in one very wet season is called the monsoon.
Low Latitude Climates
Low Latitude Climates: Areas close to the equator that have warm temperatures and a large amount of rainfall
Rain concentrated in one very wet season is called the monsoon.

5. Dry Climates
Dry Climates: Most deserts are centered around 30° north and south of the equator

6. Middle-Latitude Climates
Mediterranean: mild winter with hot dry summers
Humid-subtropical climate: summers are hot and humid with mild winters

7. Middle-Latitude Climates
Marine-west coast: coastal climate that supports evergreen forests
Humid-continental climate: four distinct seasons, extreme differences between summer and winter

8. High-Latitude Climates
Sub-arctic climate: long,
dark, & cold winters with short summers
Tundra climate: freezing temperatures almost all year around
Polar ice-cap climate: extremely cold temperatures all year round

9. AIR PRESSURE AND WIND
Unit 1

10. Air Pressure and Wind High pressure: warm air that expands and rises
Low pressure: air cools, water vapor condenses to form clouds
Wind is the horizontal motion of air
Wind always flows from high to low pressure areas

11. Global Wind Belts
Trade Winds: blow from subtropical toward the equator
Doldrums: Calm areas around the equator
Westerlies: west to east winds
Polar Winds: cold air
from the east

12. Water and Atmosphere
Most water in the air is evaporated from the oceans
Evaporation: water changed from liquid to gas
Humidity: the amount of water vapor in the air
Condensation: water vapor changes from gas to liquid
Precipitation: large condensed droplets of water

13. The Hydrologic Cycle

14. Storms
Stormy weather occurs when two air masses with extremely different temperatures collide