1. North Eurasia, Unit 4

2. Japanese Reunification

3. Civil War and the Invasion of Korea and Manchuria, 1500-1603
In 12th century, Japan came under the control of the: daimyo.
Warfare
1592 invasion of Korea by Hideyoshi
Yi dynasty Korea was influenced by China
Language
Chinese allies
1606 Peace
Manchu took advantage
Territorial lords, warfare among the daimyo was common, v. korea lost; chinese didn’t help much; diamyo=lord with samaria

4. The Tokugawa Shogunate, 1603-1800
Tokugawa Shogunate 1600 replaced the Ashikaga
Land to supporters
Figurehead in Kyoto
Decentralization led to…
Transportation to Edo
Rice
Samurai
Undeveloped land to non supporters; led to well developed urban centers; transportation increased because regional lords were required to travel to Edo, ; samurai became elite had modernized political and industrial

5. Japan and the Europeans
Jesuits in 1500s
Limited success
Banned; closed in 1649
Limited contact
Trade in Nagasaki
“Dutch studies”
Trade with Asia
Korea, Okinawa, Taiwan, China, Southeast Asia
“outer lords”
Wealthy
Because of rebelions in 1630s; with dutch, european knowledge from dutch books; north and south=outer lords ignored closed country policy, got rich

6. Elite Decline and Social Crisis
Population
Inner v. Outer
Prices of rice
Farm v. trade
Decentralization
“Forty-seven Ronin” 1702
Displays civil law (centralized) over military
Inner had a strain on population and economy (agricultural); incrased the use of credit; decentralization resulted in growth of merchants devolping freedom, and a vibrant culture; daiymo provoked to draw sword had to commit seppuku; killed family, then had to commit seppuku

7. The Late Ming and Early Qing Empires

8. The Later Ming Empire, to 1644
The cultural brilliance of the Ming started to decline in the mid 1600s.
Economy, government, technological stagnation
Climate
Inflation
urban industrial
sector (Jingdezhen)
Low population growth
Drop in temperature led to loss of agriculture, migration, disease, and uprisings; silver; strike protest threw themselves in kilns

9. Ming Collapse and the Rise of the Qing
Border threats
Mongol confederation
Korea allies
Pirates
Local rebellions
Rebel forces led by Li Zicheng overthrew the Ming in 1644, and the Manchu Qing Empire then entered Beijing, restored order, and claimed China for its own.
Manchu family ruled the Qing, but the majority of the population were Chinese.
Allies against Japan (financial), japanese pirates,

10. Trading Companies and Missionaries
What was Chinese attitude toward European trade?
Limited access
Dutch East Indian Company
The Jesuits
Port, spanish, dutch,; major european trader in indian ocean; notable succsss converting elites

11. Emperor Kangxi (1662-1722) Kangxi 16years, prodigy Military commander
Expansion and stability
Incorporate foreign ideas
Mongolian, Tibetan, Korean
European
Mapmaking, astronomy, pharmaceutical
Europeans learned from China:
From Jesuits; inoculation against smallpox, management techniques (porcelain factories), revised religious teachings to allow Confucius and Catholicism to merge (ancestor worship)

12. Chinese Influences on Europe
Luxury goods such as:____, _____, ______, wallpaper.
Social/philosophical influence
Voltaire
benevolent
Silk, porcelein, tea

13. Tea and Diplomacy Qing developed “market points” for trading. Why?
City of Canton
However, by late 1700s the British East Indian company and other English traders wanted to undermine the “Canton System”.
In the British
sent Lord Macartney for
diplomatic relations with China.
To effeciently control trade against smuggling, piracy, and to tax.

14. Population and Social Stress
The introduction of ______ and _____ crops contributed to the increase in China’s population between ___ to ___ by the late 1700s.
Environmental stress
Deforestation, erosion,
silting of rivers and canals, flooding
Migration, crime, local rebellions
Politically overwhelmed
American/african; 350/400; official were same, could not handle all of the problems- corruption, declining revenue, and banditry

15. The Russian Empire

16. The Drive Across Northern Asia
Moscow
Muscovy
Conquered the Khanates
under Ivan IV in 1547.
Siberia
Russia met with Qing in 1689 and 1727
Result:
Muscovy (kiev/norvgorod); siberia for coal, fur, timber, gold, iron, and a penal economy; result peace and weakening of the mongols

17. Russian Society and Politics to 1725
Diversity led to _____.
Cossacks
Russian boyars overthrew old line of Muscovite rulers and replaced them with the Romanov family.
Serfdom in 1649
tension/; alliances with whoever paid them, autonomous,

18. Peter the Great ( )
War with Ottoman and liberation of Constantinople were unsuccessful. Was successful in the Great Northern War against the Swedish.
Result:
St. Petersburg
Westernization;
The Great Embassy
Broke power of boyars
Control over church
Improve military
Increased serfdom
(Eastern Orthodox Church)
St. petersburg

19. Consolidation of the Empire
Russian expansion in Alaska
Catherine the Great
Largest empire
Agriculture, logging, fishing
furs

20. Political Comparisons
Between 1500 and 1800, China and Russia ___ dramatically, both in territory and population.
In comparison to Russia and China, the seaborne trading empires of the Portuguese, Dutch, French, and English had less territory, tighter administrations, and much more global sweep.
Despite being headed by an emperor, Japan’s size, homogeneity, and failure to add _____ disqualify it from being called a true empire.
_____ and _____ made greater progress in improving their military than did the Chinese.
Of Japan, Russia, and China, ______ did the most to build up its imperial navy.
Grew/colonies/Japan/Russia/Russia

21. Cultural, Social, and Economic Comparisons
As they expanded, both China and Russia pursued policies that tolerated diversity, while promoting cultural assimilation.
While both Russian and Chinese leaders were willing to use foreign ideas and technologies, they tended to see their own culture as _____.
Both China and Russia had hierarchical and oppressive social systems.
Merchants occupied a precarious position in both China and Japan.
superior