1. One of America’s most loved and hated Presidents
ANDREW JACKSON
One of America’s most loved and hated Presidents

2. ELECTION OF 1828
“JQA who can write”
“Andy J who can fight”

3. ELECTION OF 1828 Jackson wins easily Adams seeks reelection
“Elitist, unpopular, not right for the common people”
Jacksonians have new campaign method: MUDSLINGING
Smearing the President’s name, retaliating with negativity
Jackson: “Adams uses public funds for personal luxuries!”
Adams: “Jackson’s wife committed adultery!”
3x number of voters participated compared to 1824
Jackson wins easily
Master political campaign organizer
Carries all western states; “war hero and a man of the western frontier”

5. “OLD HICKORY”, A MAN OF THE PEOPLE
Our first “self-made” president
Famous self-trained general
Symbol of the working class
No college education
Against the rich
Frugal Jeffersonian; limited federal power, states rights

6. POLITICS OF THE COMMON MAN
Universal Male Suffrage
No more property/religious qualifications
Party Nominating Conventions and Popular Election of President
Voters choose a state’s slate of presidential electors
Two Party System
Whigs & Democrats solidify
Campaign on a large scale basis
Rise of 3rd parties
New political concerns
More Elected Offices
Popular Campaigning
Role of the President
Limited (sorta)
Spoils System/Rotation of Offices
“More Opportunity”
Giving out government jobs in return for party loyalty

7. THE NULLIFICATION CRISIS
Supported states rights but not disunion
Jackson continues policy of protective tariffs by supporting the Tariff of Abominations
South Carolina (and South) is unhappy, declares tariff unconstitutional
John C. Calhoun proposes nullification

8. JOHN C. CALHOUN: AN INTRODUCTION
Originally a Presidential candidate; settled for Jackson’s VP
Agreed with 1828 Tariff; changed opinion because it hurt the agrarian south
Advocated for nullification instead of secession
Joined with Clay later on with the Compromise Tariff
Left VP position after Jackson’s first term

9. NULLIFICATION CRISIS
1832: SC holds special convention to nullify Tariff of 1828 and 1832
Jackson: Force Bill
Military action is not taken; Congress negotiates and lowers tariff; SC backs down
Impact: Strong defense of federal authority
Foreshadowing: anti-slavery alarm a growing concern

11. JACKSON VS. THE NATIONAL BANK
Jackson is weary of the national bank
Hard money v. soft money; Constitutionality; Power
National Bank (1816) v. State Banks (Panic 1819)
Congress proposes renewing the bank for 20 years
Clay-Webster political ploy
Bill passes but Jackson vetoes the bill
Jackson destroys the bank (though its charter had not expired) and invests the money in state banks
Called Pet Banks because Jackson rewarded his allies
Split outcome: good and bad for nation

13. ANDREW JACKSON’S REAL ABOMINATION
Sympathized with land-hungry Americans
Most humane solution: compel all American Indians to resettle west of the Mississippi
Pushed Congress to approve the Indian Removal Act, funding the government’s forced relocation of American Indians
1836: Bureau of Indian Affairs created

14. JACKSON’S SPEECH TO CONGRESS
“It will separate the Indians from immediate contact with settlements of whites; free them from the power of the States; enable them to pursue happiness in their own way and under their own rude institutions; will retard the progress of decay, which is lessening their numbers, and perhaps cause them gradually, under the protection of the Government and through the influence of good counsels, to cast off their savage habits and become an interesting, civilized, and Christian community.”

16. INDIANS FIGHT BACK
The Cherokee, one of the five civilized tribes, fought back in the American way– sues the government
Precedents set by Chief Justice John Marshall
Cherokee Nation v. Georgia, 1831: Tribal Sovereignty
Worcester v. Georgia 1832: GA laws had no force in Cherokee Territory
GA ignores ruling…Federal Court v. State Laws

17. ANDREW JACKSON’S RESPONSE TO JOHN MARSHALL— “JOHN MARSHALL HAS MADE HIS DECISION, NOW LET HIM ENFORCE IT.” WHAT DOES THIS MEAN? SIGNIFICANCE?

18. JACKSON AND AMERICAN INDIANS
Essentially, Jackson ignores the Supreme Court and ignores the checks and balances that are supposed to limit his power
Extreme racism at the time; many supported Jackson and he was never held accountable
VP, then President Martin Van Buren enacts the Trail of Tears because of the Indian Removal Act
15,000 Cherokees removed; 4,000+ deaths

20. READ: PRIMARY SOURCES OF INDIAN REMOVAL

21. REVIEW: JACKSON
Give 3 examples of how politics changed to support the common man.
What sections of the country supported Jackson? Why?
Give an example of how Jackson supported the federal government.
Give an example of how Jackson supported the state government.
Why might the Election of 1828 be considered a revolution?
How did Jackson change the role of the president? Use the following events to support your answer.
Tariff of Abominations/Nullification Crisis
Bank War
Indian Removal/Worcester v. GA