1. Was North America Won or Lost?
7 Years War

2. Fight for Ohio River Valley
1754 First Nations and French vs British
Why were they fighting?
13 colonies need land and want to expand westward
First Nations fighting to keep their territory from the threat of colonization
French determined to stop expansion of British colonies- set up forts along Ohio River

3. British Plan of Attack on Ohio River
1755 British troops and militia under General Edward Braddock sent to take Ohio River Forts
Accustomed to traditional fighting which involved regular formations of troops attacking each other on a battlefield
Winning depended on strategy and disciplined troops

5. French/First Nations Plan of Attack on Ohio River
First Nations used guerilla warfare tactics in which they could strike quickly and with force and the retreat
Surprise attacks
Constant sniper threats
Braddock was totally unprepared for guerilla warfare
French and First Nations crushed the British who were forced to retreat

7. 7 years War
Began May 1756 with an outbreak of fighting in Europe between France and Britain
Braddock's loss in North America made the British change their strategy

8. Major General James Wolfe
32 year old British Major General
Determined to defeat the French at Quebec

9. Major General Louis-Joseph de Montcalm
French Major- General
Military commander of New France
Had to prevent Wolfe from taking Quebec

10. The Siege of Quebec British Naval Strategy
To get Wolfe’s soldiers to a position from which they could attack
To bombard Quebec with cannon fire
To blockade the St. Lawrence River to prevent supplies reaching the French

11. The Siege of Quebec French Defense Plan
Quebec itself was protected by cliffs on either side
Fortified the north shore of the river and stationed men in a large camp just east of the city

12. First Nations Alliance with French
Allied with French because they feared the British would take their lands
French fur trade
British wanted farm settlements
As more troops from France came, so to did an atmosphere of intolerance
Caused the French to lose many First Nations allies

13. Wolfe’s Plan to Attack Quebec
September 1759
Wolfe noticed a small pathway winding up the cliffs just three kilometers from Quebec
lightly guarded
A small force could reach the top to secure the cliff
The army could land there and sneak attack at night

14. The Battle of Abraham
4400 British soldiers snuck up on the French at Quebec
Victory for the British!!
Why is this important
Some historians say this battle was the beginning of British victory
French devastated over losing Quebec

15. The Battle of Sainte-Foy
British navy left
April French troops attacked
Saved when the navy returned
British chased French to Montreal where French surrendered
Why is this important?
This event marked the end of the 7 years war
Peace treaty signed 1763