1. 汕头大学医学院第二附属医院 儿科教研室
Vitamin K Deficiency

2. Postneonatal Vitamin K Deficiency
Postneonatal Vitamin K Deficiency occurs after a month the baby born.
Vitamin K deficiency in the newborn, which can be present for a variety of reasons, causes VKDB。

3. Causes:
Vitamin K deficiency in the newborn, which can be present for a variety of reasons, causes VKDB。

4. Causes:
1.Maternal medications that interfere with vitamin K stores or function, such as carbamazepine, phenytoin, barbiturates, some cephalosporins, rifampin, isoniazid, and warfarin, can result in VKDB in the infant.
2. In addition to breastfeeding, risk factors for late-onset VKDB include the following: Diarrhea、Hepatitis、Cystic fibrosis、Alpha1-antitrypin deficiency。

5. Clinical Manifestations
Bleeding
The most common sites of bleeding are the umbilicus, mucous membranes, GI tract, circumcision, and venipunctures.

6. Clinical Manifestations
Intracranial bleeding can occur and is the main cause of mortality and long-term morbidity.

7. Lab Studies: PT aPTT TCT fibrinogen levels platelet count
Vitamin K direct assay

8. Treatment
vitamin K
Fresh frozen plasma may be considered for moderate-to-severe bleeding.

9. Complications: ICH Anaphylactoid reactions to IV vitamin K
Hyperbilirubinemia
Hemolytic anemia

10. Prognosis:
In the absence of ICH, the prognosis for VKDB in an otherwise healthy infant is excellent. Prognosis after ICH depends on the extent and location of the hemorrhage. Long-term sequelae of ICH may include motor and intellectual deficits.