1. R1’s target audience
R1 BS times
BBC’s 3 core values
Objective/unbiased=
R1 branding includes
Filming radio clips=
PSB
RAJAR
OFCOM
R1 BS presenter now
R1 BS ratings
R1 total average weekly listeners
BS last presenter & where did he go?
3 core aims of R1
3 ways R1 targets young adults
16 How much funding does R1 get every year? £24m 34m 44m 54m
17 What is the ‘Ten Minute Takeover’?
18 What is ‘Yesterday’s Quiz’?
19 R1 BS Mode of Address
20 Name of R1’s news bulletin & how often
15-29 year olds
Mons –Thurs
Inform Educate Entertain
IMPARTIAL
Logo, jingles & station idents
Visualization
Public Service broadcaster
Measures radio audiences
Monitors and regulates UK broadcasting
Greg James (since Aug 2018)
5.7 to 5.2m (briefly dipped to 4.8 in 2017)
10m
Nick Grimshaw – now presents drivetime slot
e.g. Distinctive, innovative challenging content , promote new music, UK talent & live music, diversity
e.g.Social media, multi-platform presence, news geared to the target age-group,
£54m
Listeners choose music played for 10min segment
Quiz about yesterday’s news and trivia
Informal, chirpy (cheerful), upbeat
Newsbeat. Every 30mins.

2. Breakfast Show ratings
3 threats to R1?
R1 target audience
Another word for objective, unbiased
Last 2 Breakfast Show presenters
3 core aims of R1
How does branding work on radio?
Filming a radio broadcast is called …
PSB
RAJAR
OFCOM

3. R1s aims and values fit in with the wider remit of the BBC.
These aims are rather idealistic and help to make the BBC brand distinct from commercial broadcasters.
There is the risk that mainstream audiences will turn away from R1 and the BBC.
The large number of BBC radio channels helps to target niche audiences, ensuring the BBC keeps its market share.
RADIO 1 CHARTER
Promote UK talent
Promote new music
Deliver content that is ORIGINAL DISTINCTIVE INNOVATIVE & CHALLENGING
Ensure a proportion of live music is broadcast (Live Lounge)
Respect the BBCs diversity agenda (GEARS)
Appeal to younger audiences
Deliver educational content relevant to young adults
Deliver high-quality programmes
Link with social media platforms
Deliver news bulletins that are relevant to younger listeners
Be a ‘flagship’ model for technological and digital innovation

4. Socio-political & cultural
context
Slightly more male, middle class, white demographic.
Politically and ideologically neutral. Not commercially driven (in other words it is not interested in making money or chasing audiences. ’chasing ratings’)
The diversity agenda is an important part of the way R1 reflects itself to the outside world.
There may be some pressure to play mainstream popular tracks so as not to alienate mainstream audiences.
News fits into the BBC remit and must be impartial whilst appealing to its young adult demographic.
Economic context
Funding comes from BBC via the licence fee and NOT from advertising.
R1 receives £54m per year to run its station and pay its staff.
So as long as OFCOM approves and R1 sticks to its values and core mission, funding is guaranteed.
R1 is, in theory, free of the commercial pressures that face private broadcasters.
However BBC priorities change and future funding is always a question.
The publication of the annual pay of BBC talent in 2018 raised issues of gender inequality and also led to a number of prominent presenters leaving for the commercial sector. (e.g. Chris Evans who has gone to Virgin radio, now owned by Rupert Murdoch’s News UK and formerly owned by Chris Evans’ own Ginger Media Group).
Historical context
Founded in 1967 when there were only two other BBC radio stations.
At the time it was a pop music station.
The aim was to stop listeners tuning into unofficial ‘pirate’ radio stations.
Its informal mode of address was similar to that of the pirate radio DJ presenters.
It grew steadily in audience ratings, reaching 10m per week at its peak.

5. Test your learning Socio-political & cultural context
Slightly more male, middle class, white demographic.
Politically and ideologically neutral. Not commercially driven (in other words it is not interested in making money or chasing audiences (‘chasing ratings’)
The diversity agenda is an important part of the way R1 reflects itself to the outside world.
There may be some pressure to play mainstream popular tracks so as not to alienate mainstream audiences.
News fits into the BBC remit and must be impartial whilst appealing to its young adult demographic.
Historical context
Founded in 1967 when there were only two other BBC radio stations.
At the time it was a pop music station.
The aim was to stop listeners tuning into unofficial ‘pirate’ radio stations.
Its informal mode of address was similar to that of the pirate radio DJ presenters.
It grew steadily in audience ratings, reaching 10m per week at its peak.
Economic context
Funding comes from BBC via the licence fee and NOT from advertising.
R1 receives £54m per year to run its station and pay its staff.
So as long as OFCOM approves and R1 sticks to its values and core mission, funding is guaranteed.
R1 is, in theory, free of the commercial pressures that face private broadcasters.
However BBC priorities change and future funding is always a question.
The publication of the annual pay of BBC talent in 2018 raised issues of gender inequality and also led to a number of prominent presenters leaving for the commercial sector. (e.g. Chris Evans who has gone to Virgin Radio, now owned by Rupert Murdoch’s News UK) and formerly owned by Chris Evans’ own Ginger Media Group
Test your learning

6. What are the threats to Radio One’s success?
Commercial broadcasters
Streaming services
Image of the BBC as an ‘establishment’ organisation
Image of BBC was damaged by Jimmy Saville
Future funding arrangements
+ ??

7. REDO Homework for Wednesday 23rd R1 BREAKFAST SHOW running order
Listen to an episode on catch-up. Write down the running order. No need to list every music track. See factsheet booklet for an example. List Times, content and an occasional comment.
Make notes on
the tracks played– is it all popular commercial streaming hits?
Presenter’s Links, banter, competitions & audience interaction
news bulletins – how is it different from other bulletins?
Check out social media generally to see how the show interacts with & reaches out to its fans
FOLLOW UP 15 mark essay (25 mins; make 8-10 points)
From what you have heard and seen of the Radio 1 Breakfast Show – to what extent do you think its content is successful in attracting and retaining year olds? MUST CONTAIN EVIDENCE OF WORK YOU HAVE COVERED IN CLASS AND INDEPENDENTLY.
Essay 2 – to be done by Wednesday 23rd
Sample exam question: What aspects of The Breakfast Show's online presence help to secure its popularity  among its target audience of 15 to 29 year olds?  (15 marks)

8. Radio 1 Playlist:  Read this article and answer the questions in the pdf file below the link
battle of the brands Guardian article qu's.pdf Download File

9. Look at R1’s online and social media presence
Look at R1’s online and social media presence. If possible refer specifically to R1 Breakfast Show and its latest presenter Greg James.
Websites, FB pages. Instagram, Twitter, YouTube
Think about digital convergence (cross-platform presence)
To what extent does it reflect R1 and the BBC’s core values?
Does it offer audiences opportunities to interact?
To what extent does it enhance the radio content?
Report back after 30 mins

10. BBC Funding
Read the article and note down 3- 5 useful facts about BBC radio funding and trends.

11. How successful is R1 in attracting new and younger listeners
How successful is R1 in attracting new and younger listeners? Refer specifically to the R1 Breakfast Show
Downward trend 7m to 5m
Ben Cooper (controller of R1) says it’s OK as a) young people are listening to radio on different platforms; b) over 30s have gone – but they were not the target audience. c) R1 is enjoying record figures for online listening
Social media following – Twitter 3m followers, Facebook stats 15m?, YOUTUBE 5.5m; Podcast Xtras. etc
Nick Grimshaw brought in to attract younger listeners in 2012; young appeal, gay & female fans; not football;
Greg James Aug Keep the format fresh.
- R1 faces a difficult balancing act: on the one hand it has to attract and retain new and younger listeners. On the other hand it has a wider duty: e.g. promote new UK talent, follow a diversity agenda- to reflect the diverse ethnic regional and age profile of the UK; inform educate and entertain; provide original, distinctive and challenging content; be socially aware. This is a difficult task as it is hard to please everyone.
Ben Cooper 2017: “As we celebrate our amazing 50th anniversary, Radio 1 continues to be the most relevant youth brand in the UK today, with 10.55m weekly listeners (aged 10+), a record 5.5 million subscribers on YouTube, and 9.45 million subscribers on social media.”
June to August of 2017 , Nick was pulling in just 4.93 million a week, marking one of the lowest figures ever recorded for the Radio 1 Breakfast Show. 
Ben Cooper “We just got a record 1.87 billion YouTube views - which means more new, young and diverse audiences enjoying the BBC.”

12. Sample exam question: What aspects of The Breakfast Show's online presence help to secure its popularity  among its target audience of 15 to 29 year olds?  (15 marks)
Intro – R1 Breakfast Show declining audience figures 7m to 5 m since 2012
Defended by controller Ben Cooper who says they’ve lost the over 30s (which was intended) and young people are interacting with the show on different platforms.
Social media is essential if the product is to reach this demographic. Henry Jenkins (Fandom) – if it doesn’t spread, it’s dead. Over 9 m followers on social media
The show promotes itself through:
Visualization – the use of filmed content on social media platforms.
YouTube - 5 m followers
highlights, short clips ‘viral style content etc. James Corden
Twitter, Instagram, Facebook: – encourages audience involvement and interaction. As Clay Shirky says – everyone can now ‘talk back’. Much more of a shared particIpatory ’many to many’ experience.
As well as music and showbiz gossip, Social issues are tackled which are of interest to teenagers and young adults – lots about exam stress, mental health e.g. e.g.
Strong branding – e.g. E.g.
Conc – despite loss of audiences, R1 represents the BBC’s success in reaching younger audiences and the Breakfast Show shows how the BBC uses social media to promote this product.

13. ‘End of Audience’ Theories - Shirky
Key Ideas
Technological developments have changed the relationship between media producers and audiences.
In the past media producers created content for audiences, now content can be created by audiences.
Prosumers have different motivations to professional media producers.
This can create cognitive surplus, where potentially large numbers of people give their time and expertise to create something (e.g. Wikipedia).
Audiences can no longer be seen as a single mass of people. Audiences engage differently with media products across different platforms, with some audience members now creating or adapting media products themselves.
Technological developments have changed the ways in which audiences engage with media culture, leading to the rise of user generated content and reducing the power of media producers to act as gatekeepers.
One Sentence Summary

14. Power and Media Industries – Curran and Seaton
Key Ideas
Media ownership is the most significant factor in the way media industries work.
The concentration of media ownership means the media industry is dominated by a small number of conglomerates, which limits the viewpoints represented.
Despite the development of online media the established major media organisations continue to be dominant.
Media ownership is the most important influence on the media, with a small number of major conglomerates continuing to dominate the media industry despite the emergence of the internet.
One Sentence Summary

15. Cultural Industries – Hesmondhalgh
Key Ideas
Similarly to Curran and Seaton, Hesmondhalgh sees media industries as being dominated by a small number of conglomerates.
The high production costs and ease of reproduction and sharing of media products means media industries use a number of methods to reduce risk. These include vertical integration, and the reliance on established genres, stars and narratives.
Media industries are dominated by a small number of media conglomerates, who rely on the repetition of popular genres, stars and narratives to reduce risk.
One Sentence Summary

16. We will finish work on Clay Shirky, Curran & Seaton & David Hesmondhalgh.
Activity A
Write notes on whether these academic ideas, arguments and debates could be applied to Radio 1
Acticvty B Explain how Radio 1's music policy is different from that of commercial broadcasters.  Why do you think this is the case?