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• Explain the overlap of adjacent p-orbitals to form a π-bond.
Week 15 • Understand that alkenes and cycloalkenes are unsaturated hydrocarbons. • Explain the overlap of adjacent p-orbitals to form a π-bond. • Explain the trigonal planar shape around each carbon making up the C=C bond of alkenes. © Pearson Education Ltd 2008 This document may have been altered from the original
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Week 15 Ethene © Pearson Education Ltd 2008
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Formation of the C=C double bond
Week 15 Formation of the C=C double bond © Pearson Education Ltd 2008 This document may have been altered from the original
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Shape of an ethene molecule
Week 15 Shape of an ethene molecule © Pearson Education Ltd 2008 This document may have been altered from the original
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Week 15 Cyclohexene © Pearson Education Ltd 2008
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Week 15 Carotene, C40H56 © Pearson Education Ltd 2008
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Tamiflu and 1,4-cyclohexadiene
Week 15 Tamiflu and 1,4-cyclohexadiene © Pearson Education Ltd 2008 This document may have been altered from the original
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• Describe the use of bromine as a test for unsaturation.
Week 15 • Describe addition reactions of alkenes with both hydrogen and halogens. • Describe the use of bromine as a test for unsaturation. © Pearson Education Ltd 2008 This document may have been altered from the original
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Typical addition reaction for an alkene
Week 15 Typical addition reaction for an alkene © Pearson Education Ltd 2008 This document may have been altered from the original
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Hydrogenation of ethene
Week 15 Hydrogenation of ethene © Pearson Education Ltd 2008 This document may have been altered from the original
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Halogenation of ethene with chlorine
Week 15 Halogenation of ethene with chlorine © Pearson Education Ltd 2008 This document may have been altered from the original
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Halogenation of propene with bromine
Week 15 Halogenation of propene with bromine © Pearson Education Ltd 2008 This document may have been altered from the original
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• Define an electrophile as an electron pair acceptor.
Week 15 • Describe addition reactions of alkenes with both hydrogen halides and steam. • Define an electrophile as an electron pair acceptor. • Describe a curly arrow as the movement of an electron pair. • Describe, using curly arrows, the mechanism of electrophilic addition in alkenes. © Pearson Education Ltd 2008 This document may have been altered from the original
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Addition reaction for ethene and HBr
Week 15 Addition reaction for ethene and HBr © Pearson Education Ltd 2008 This document may have been altered from the original
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Week 15 Hydration of ethene © Pearson Education Ltd 2008
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Addition reaction for an unsymmetrical alkene
Week 15 Addition reaction for an unsymmetrical alkene © Pearson Education Ltd 2008 This document may have been altered from the original
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Electrophilic reaction for ethene and hydrogen bromide
Week 15 Electrophilic reaction for ethene and hydrogen bromide © Pearson Education Ltd 2008 This document may have been altered from the original
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Week 15 Curly arrows © Pearson Education Ltd 2008
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Carbocation reacts with bromide ion
Week 15 Carbocation reacts with bromide ion © Pearson Education Ltd 2008 This document may have been altered from the original
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• Recall the reactions of alkenes.
Week 15 • Describe how heterolytic fission leads to electrophilic addition in alkenes, using bromine as an example. • Recall the reactions of alkenes. © Pearson Education Ltd 2008 This document may have been altered from the original
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Electrophilic reaction for ethene with Br2
Week 15 Electrophilic reaction for ethene with Br2 © Pearson Education Ltd 2008 This document may have been altered from the original
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Carbocation reacts with bromide ion
Week 15 Carbocation reacts with bromide ion © Pearson Education Ltd 2008 This document may have been altered from the original
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Heterolytic fission of a bromine molecule
Week 15 Heterolytic fission of a bromine molecule © Pearson Education Ltd 2008 This document may have been altered from the original
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The structures of isoprene and myrcene
Week 15 The structures of isoprene and myrcene © Pearson Education Ltd 2008 This document may have been altered from the original
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Reaction of myrcene with excess hydrogen to form a saturated product
Week 15 Reaction of myrcene with excess hydrogen to form a saturated product © Pearson Education Ltd 2008 This document may have been altered from the original
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Week 15 Reactions of alkenes © Pearson Education Ltd 2008
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But-2-ene takes part in the addition reactions
Week 15 But-2-ene takes part in the addition reactions © Pearson Education Ltd 2008 This document may have been altered from the original
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Week 15 • Outline the use of alkenes in the manufacture of margarine by catalytic hydrogenation of unsaturated vegetable oils. • Outline the use of alkenes in the formation of a range of polymers using unsaturated monomer units. © Pearson Education Ltd 2008 This document may have been altered from the original
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Alkene molecules form addition polymers
Week 15 Alkene molecules form addition polymers © Pearson Education Ltd 2008 This document may have been altered from the original
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