1. PLANTS: Anatomy, Growth and Function

2. Plant Characteristics
Plants need:
energy, nutrients, water,
gas exchange
protection from herbivores and disease
to reproduce.

3. Plant Characteristics
Plants create their food (autotrophs) using the process of Photosynthesis:
Carbon dioxide + water + sunlight  glucose + oxygen
Glucose is a carbohydrate (made of C, H, and O).
Carbohydrates are used by plants to grow, maintain and develop.

4. Plant Characteristics
Different plants can reproduce through sexual and/or asexual reproduction

5. Basic Tissue Types Dermal tissues Vascular tissues
2 types: epidermis and periderm
Outermost cell layers
Thick cell walls covered in waxy cuticle
Protection against water loss, injury, disease
Vascular tissues
2 types: xylem and phloem
Xylem: thick walled cells, dead at maturity
Phloem: thin walled cells, living at maturity
Like tubes
Transport water and nutrients

6. Basic Tissue Types Ground Tissues Meristematic Tissues 3 types:
Parenchyma: thin-walled, living cells, support growth and development, stores carbs as starch.
Collenchyma: thick-walled living cells, support growth and development, supports and protects plant body.
Sclerenchyma: cells with lignin in cell wall, dead at maturity, supports and protects plant body
Meristematic Tissues
An area of actively dividing undifferentiated cells
Eventually develop into specialized cells

7. Monocots and Dicots
Angiosperms are the class of plants that produce flowers which can be further divided into monocots and dicots
Monocots include grains, grasses
Dicots include common plants like the daisy, tomato, maple
Names are based on the structure of their seeds: made of a seed coat, embryo, endosperm, seed leaf (called a cotyledon)
Monocots have one cotyledon, dicots have two.
Cotyledons in the dicots contain the nutrients that nourish the embryo as it develops.
In the monocots, the endosperm contains the nutrients

8. Dicots and Monocots