1. Chapter 2 Knowledge need to know before start a project
Method of generating the concept
Method of decision making
Review the worth of a project
Communication methods

2. Methods of generating concepts
Brainstorming as a source of ideas
Using method as a source of ideas
The use of analogies in design
Finding ideas in reference books and trade journal
using expert to help generate concept

3. The individual designer: A model of human information procession

4. Type of knowledge Type of memory General knowledge
Domain-specific knowledge
Procedure knowledge
Type of memory
Short term memory
Long term memory

7. Analogy
Umbrella VS. removal of urinary calculi

8. Nature system
Velcro Fastener

9. Methods of decision making
Decision matrix
Step 1: choose the criteria for comparison.
Step 2: Develop Relative importance weightings
Step 3: Select Relative Importance Weightings
Step 4: Evaluate Alternatives .
Step 5 Compute Satisfaction

10. Decision matrix Criteria (requirement s or specification importance
Alternative 1
Alternative 2
Alternative 3
Criterion 1 xx
Evaluation of alternate 1 using criteria 1
Evaluation of alternate 2 using criteria 1
…….
Criterion 2 yy
Evaluation of alternate 1 using criteria 2
Evaluation of alternate 2 using criteria 2
……..
………
Satisfaction
Score for Alternative 1

11. Example:
Using the decision matrix:

12. Evaluation Based on advanced Decision matrix
Step 1: choose the criteria for comparison.
Step 2: Develop Relative importance weightings
Step 3: Select Relative Importance Weightings
Step 4: Evaluate Alternatives .
Step 5 Compute Satisfaction
Satisfaction =Σ(belief*importance weighting)

13. Believe
Belief=confidence placed on an alternative’s ability to meet a target set by a criterion, requirement, or specification, base on current knowledge.

14. Belief=p(k)*p(c)+(1-p(k))*(1-p(c))

15. Example Criteria Importance Alternative Linear guide Voice coil 1
Can support the optical system 50
0.77
0.3 2
Move fast 20
0.5
0.9 3
Can correct the light abbreviation
0.8 4
Can Do small adjustment 10
0.6
Satisfaction 62 55

16. Making a portfolio decision
SA: strongly agree A; Agree N: neutral D: disagree SD: Strongly disagree
VC: Very certain C: Certain N: Neutral U: uncertain VU: very uncertain

17. Review the worth of a project Before beginning a project
Is there a good potential return on investment?
Does the new product or improvement fit the company image?
Does it fit the distribution channels?
Is there sufficient production capacity in-house or with known vendors?
What will the project cost?

18. Communication methods
Design Record-design note book
Documents communicating with management-design reviews
Documents communicating the final design
-drawing of components and assemblies
-written documentation to guide manufacturing, assembly, inspection, installation, maintenance, retirement and quality control