1. INTRODUCTION TO THE NERVOUS AND VASCULAR SYSTEMS

2. NERVOUS SYSTEM

3. GENERAL ORGANIZATION

4. BY LOCATION: CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM BRAIN
SPINAL CORD
PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
NERVOUS TISSUE OUTSIDE THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
SPINAL NERVES
CRANIAL NERVES
AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM

5. GANGLIA A GROUP OF NERVE CELL BODIES OUTSIDE OF THE CNS
TYPES OF GANGLIA
DORSAL ROOT
CRANIAL NERVE GANGLIA
AUTONOMIC GANGLIA

6. AUTONOMIC GANGLIA PARASYMPATHETIC SYMPATHETIC HEAD GANGLIA
NEAR ORGAN (EPICARDIUM)
WITHIN ORGAN (INTRAMURAL)
SYMPATHETIC
PARAVERTEBRAL
PREVERTEBRAL
ADRENAL MEDULLA

7. CRANIAL NERVES ORIGIN: BRAIN EACH ONE IS NAMED AND NUMBERED
ROMAN NUMERALS USED FOR NUMBERS
MAY BE SENSORY NERVES, MOTOR NERVES OR CARRY BOTH SENSORY AND MOTOR INFORMATION.

8. CRANIAL NERVES (Cont.) I. OLFACTORY II. OPTIC III. OCULOMOTOR
IV. TROCHLEAR
V. TRIGEMINAL
VI. ABDUCENS
VII. FACIAL
VIII. VESTIBULOCOCHLEAR
IX. GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL
X. VAGUS
XI. ACCESSORY
XII. HYPOGLOSSAL ON
OLD
OLYMPUS’
TOWERING
TOP A
FAT
VULGAR
GERMAN
VIEWED
HOP

9. CRANIAL NERVES (Cont.) I. OLFACTORY II. OPTIC III. OCULOMOTOR
IV. TROCHLEAR
V. TRIGEMINAL
VI. ABDUCENS
VII. FACIAL
VIII. VESTIBULOCOCHLEAR
IX. GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL
X. VAGUS
XI. ACCESSORY
XII. HYPOGLOSSAL
SOME (SENSORY)
SAY
MARRY (MOTOR)
MONEY
BUT (BOTH SEN. & MOT.) MY
BROTHER
SAYS
BETTER
BORROW
MORE

10. BY FUNCTION: MOTOR/EFFERENT SENSORY/AFFERENT SOMATIC MOTOR
VISCERAL MOTOR
SENSORY/AFFERENT
GENERAL SENSORY
SPECIAL SENSORY

11. SPINAL NERVES ORIGIN: SPINAL CORD
EXIT VERTEBRAL COLUMN BETWEEN VERTEBRAE
NAMED FOR REGION
CERVICAL (C1-8)
THORACIC (T1-12)
LUMBAR (L1-5)
SACRAL (S1-5)
COCCYGEAL
ALL BOTH SENSORY AND MOTOR

12. SEGMENTAL INNERVATION
SPINAL NERVES LEAVE THE SPINAL CORD AT REGULAR INTERVALS
EACH SUPPLIES A SPECIFIC AREA OR SEGMENT OF THE BODY

13. CROSS SECTION OF THE CORD
WHITE MATER
CENTRAL GRAY
CENTRAL CANAL
DORSAL ROOT
DORSAL ROOT GANGLION
VENTRAL ROOT
SPINAL NERVE

14. MENINGES DURA ARACHNOID PIA SUBDURAL SPACE SUBARACHNOID SPACE
EPIDURAL SPACE

15. SPECIALIZATIONS ENLARGEMENTS CONUS MEDULLARIS CAUDA EQUINA
FILUM TERMINALE

16. TYPICAL SPINAL NERVE EXITS INTERVERTEBRAL FORAMEN DIVIDES
POSTERIOR PRIMARY RAMUS
ANTERIOR PRIMARY RAMUS

17. AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
2 NEURON CHAIN
PREGANGLIONIC CELL BODY IN CNS
POSTGANGLIONIC CELL BODY IN GANGLION (PERIPHERY)
GANGLION 1 2

18. SHORT PREGANGLIONIC AXON LONG POSTGANGLIONIC AXON
SYMPATHETIC
SHORT PREGANGLIONIC AXON
LONG POSTGANGLIONIC AXON
GANGLION

19. SYMPATHETIC THORACOLUMBAR OUTFLOW
PREGANGLIONIC FIBERS EXIT WITH THORACIC AND LUMBAR SPINAL NERVES

20. PARAVERTEBRAL (CHAIN) GANGLIA
ONE GANGLION/ SPINAL NERVE
WHITE RAMI
GRAY RAMI
THREE CERVICAL GANGLIA

21. FATE OF PREGANGLIONIC FIBER
PREGANG. NEURON IN LAT. HORN
AXON EXITS IN VENTRAL ROOT
SYNAPSE IN GANGLION
POSTGANG. AXON REJOINS SPINAL NERVE

22. FATE OF PREGANGLIONIC FIBER
PASS THROUGH GANGLION WITHOUT SYNAPSE
ASCEND OR DESCEND IN CHAIN TO DIFFERENT LEVEL

23. FATE OF PREGANGLIONIC FIBER
EXIT THE CHAIN VIA THE SPLANCHNIC NERVE (VISCERAL RAMUS)
PASS TO THE PREVERTEBRAL GANGLIA
PREVERTEBRAL GANGLION
SPLANCHNIC NERVE

24. PREVERTEBRAL GANGLIA THREE GANGLIA
CELIAC
SUPERIOR MESENTERIC
INFERIOR MESENTERIC
PREGANGLIONIC FIBERS FROM SPLANCHNIC NERVES
POSTGANGLIONIC FIBERS DISTRIBUTE WITH ARTERY

25. PARASYMPATHETIC

26. PARASYMPATHETIC SYSTEM
SHORT POSTGANGLIONIC AXON
LONG PREGANGLIONIC AXON
GANGLION

27. CRANIAL-SACRAL OUTFLOW
CRANIAL NERVES III, VII, IX, X
OCULOMOTOR (III): NUCLEUS OF EDINGER-WESTPHAL
FACIAL (VII)
SUPERIOR SALIVATORY NUCLEUS
GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL (IX)
INFERIOR SALIVATORY NUCLEUS
VAGUS (X)
MOTOR NUCLEUS OF VAGUS

28. CRANIAL-SACRAL OUTFLOW (Cont.)
SACRAL SPINAL CORD
PREGANGLIONIC NEURONS IN THE SACRAL REGION OF THE CORD
AXONS EXIT THE ANTERIOR (VENTRAL) ROOT
PELVIC SPLANCHNIC NERVES

29. GANGLIA HEAD GANGLIA GANGLIA AT THE ORGAN BEING INNERVATED CILIARY
PTERYGOPALATINE
OTIC
SUBMANDIBULAR
GANGLIA AT THE ORGAN BEING INNERVATED
EPICARDIUM
INTRAMURAL GANGLIA

30. AUTONOMIC FIBERS WHITE RAMUS CHAIN GANGLION GRAY RAMUS
PREGANGLIONIC FIBERS
CHAIN GANGLION
GRAY RAMUS
POSTGANGLIONIC FIBERS

31. DERMATOMES
SENSORY AREA SUPPLIED BY ONE SPECIFIC SPINAL NERVE.

32. MYOTOMES MOTOR AREA SUPPLIED BY ONE SPECIFIC SPINAL NERVE.
SIMILAR TO DERMATOMES IN THE TRUNK

33. REFERRED PAIN CONVERGENCE OF SENSORY INFORMATION.
BRAIN MISIDENTIFIES SOURCE OF PAIN IMPULSE.

34. BLOOD VASCULAR SYSTEM

35. ARTERY
EFFERENT VESSELS
HIGH PRESSURE
THICK WALL
ROUND

36. CAPILLARIES MICROSCOPIC VESSELS
WHERE NUTRIENTS AND WASTE EXCHANGED BETWEEN BLOOD AND TISSUES

37. VEIN AFFERENT VESSEL LOW PRESSURE SYSTEM THIN WALL
FLATTENED IN APPEARANCE

38. PORTAL VESSELS CONNECT TWO CAPILLARY BEDS THREE PORTAL SYSTEMS
HEPATIC PORTAL SYSTEM (LIVER)
HYPOTHALAMO-HYPOPHYSEAL PORTAL SYSTEM
KIDNEY

39. LYMPHATIC VESSELS
FUNCTION
STRUCTURE