1. INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN ORGANIZATIONS
Zatil Ridh'wah Hj Darot

2. Office information system
Also known as Office Automation System.
Combines various technologies _______________ required in operating an efficient office environment and to increase productivity.
Used throughout all levels of organizations.
Technology includes hardware (fax, computers, etc.) and software ( , scheduling software, word processing, desktop processing, etc.).

4. Office information system
Advantages
disadvantages
Reduces work load
Good at multitasking
Boosts feasibility
Sustainability in office environment
Costly
Time consuming on training

5. Example of office information system
Microsoft Office: a suite of _________________ that are designed specifically to be used for the office/ business.
Each applications in Microsoft Office serves as specific knowledge or office domain such as:
Word: helps create text documents
Excel: create simple to complex data/ numerical spreadsheets
PowerPoint: Stand-alone application for creating professional multimedia presentations
Access: database management application
Publisher: Introductory application for creating and publishing marketing materials
OneNote: enables user to neatly organize their notes

7. Transaction processing systems
Most widely used information systems.
Function is to record data collected at the point where the organization transacts business with other parties.
Also record many of the _________________________ the organization.
For example, record the movements of parts from one phase of manufacturing to another from raw materials to finished products.
TPS include:
Point of Sale machines (to record sales)
Automated Teller Machines (to record cash withdrawals, deposits and transfers)
Purchase Order System (to record purchases)

9. Advantages and Disadvantages of TPS
Easy to use
Reduce in processing time, lead time and order cycle time
Reduce in inventory, personnel and ordering costs
Increase in productivity and customer satisfaction
High setup costs

10. Example of TPs
Airasia Online Booking: a web-based airline reservation system which allows consumer to make bookings and purchase flights online.
The ________________ schedules, fare tariffs, passenger reservation and ticket records.

12. Global information system
Integrates hardware, software and data for capturing, managing, analyzing and displaying all forms of geographically referenced information.
Enables to view, understand, question, interpret and visualize data in many ways that reveal relationships, patters and trends in the form of maps globes, reports and charts.
GIS technology can ______________ into any enterprise information system framework.

13. Advantages of GIS
Flexibility in responding to competitors in different countries
Able to share and transfer _________________ and international branches
Increased efficiency and effectiveness in meeting customers needs.
Reduces operational cost
Able to respond in one country to a change in another country.

14. Challenges of GIS Technological barriers Regulation and tariffs
Different languages and cultures
Economic and political considerations
Legal barriers
Different time zones

15. Example of gis
Wal-Mart, the world’s largest retailer, with agreements with its suppliers, trade association, a data management company and others have launched using GIS in 2008.
Activity: Research how GIS is used by Wal-Mart to create competitive advantage.

16. Enterprise system Central to an organization
Ensures that information can be shared across all business functions and all levels of management to support the running and managing of a business
Employs a database of key operational and planning data that van be shared by all.
Thus, eliminating the problem of lack of information and inconsistent information caused by __________________ or one department

18. Advantages and disadvantages of ES
Provides single database
Opportunity for low inventory costs
Increased productivity
Requires training
High setup costs
Cost of development

19. Example of enterprise system
Enterprise planning systems that support supply chain processes (order processing, inventory management and purchasing)
Customer relationship management systems that support sales, __________________ processes.

20. Enterprise resource planning system
Created to process information and enterprise transactions as well as foster integrated production, planning and customer feedback.
Designed to ____________ operating in different departments of the company.
A one integrated programmed that runs one database in a manner that allows different departments and business unites to freely share information and communicate with other users.

21. Advantages and disadvantages of ERPs
Optimization of business processes
Accurate and timely access to reliable information
Able to share information between all components of the organization
No duplication of data
High setup cost
Resistance in sharing internal information between departments reduce efficiency of the software
Can be difficult to use

22. Example of ERps
Microsoft Dynamics ERP: An ERP software primarily geared towards midsize organizations as well as subsidiaries and divisions of larger organizations.
Features:
Manage entire supply chain
Make _____________________ for business planning and regulatory compliance
Automate repetitious and routine functions so that employees can focus on more critical tasks
Minimize cost and complexity of administering salaries, benefits, recruiting and performance management
Provide greater visibility into key performance factors, such as profitability and potential issues
Meet industry-specific needs with functionality for vertical business processes

24. Tutorial questions
What are some ways information systems are changing our lives?
Describe how information systems are used at school.
Describe the “ideal” automated passport renewal system for your country.
Discuss how information systems are linked to the business objectives of an organization.