1. Skeletal System
Skeleton= Greek for “a dried body”

2. Functions/Purposes
Protection- inner organs
Storage- Ca, P & fat
Movement/Support- muscles pull bones
Blood cell formation- in long bones of arms & legs

3. Vitamins Vitamin D Milk, dairy, sunlight
Without bones are soft and don’t calcify
Vitamin A
Milk, green veggies, carrots, pumpkins
Good for vision
Without slows cartilage growth and maturing

4. As bones age… Formation slows or stops Become brittle
Density will decrease
Fractures easily occur

5. The Skeleton 206 bones Two parts of skeleton
Axial: head, vertebra, thoracic
Appendicular: arms, legs

6. 80 Bones in Axial Skeleton
126 Bones in Appendicular Skeleton

7. PARTS/ STRUCTURE

10. Bones
Are ALIVE!!
Living organs composed of connective tissues and minerals
Strong & lightweight

11. 2 Types of Bone Tissue Compact Bone
Tissue that does not have any visible open spaces
Spongy Bone
Tissue with many open spaces
Provides most of the strength & support

12. Styles of Bones Long Bones Strong shafts made of compact bone tissue.
Larger ends of spongy tissue
Curved to absorb shock
Examples
Humerus, ulna, femur, fibula, metatarsals

13. Long Bones

14. Styles of Bones Short Bones
Strong irregular cubes of spongy bone covered with compact tissue
Examples: patella, carpals, tarsals, phalanges

15. Short Bones

16. Styles of Bones Flat Bones Provide broad surfaces for protection
Good for anchoring muscles
Examples: scapula, ribs, sternum, pelvis

17. Flat Bones

18. Styles of Bones Irregular Bones
Shapes are so different that they don’t fit into other groups
Examples: vertebra, facial bones

19. Irregular Bones

20. Marrow
2 types of soft connective tissue
RED & YELLOW
Red produces blood cells
Yellow stores fat

21. Cartilage Soft, Flexible connective tissue
Reduces friction where bones rub together

22. Ligaments Strong connective tissue that holds movable joints together
Similar to leather…when stretched they stay stretched. When torn they stay torn and heal with scar tissue

23. Joints Place in body where 2 bones come together 2 main types:
Immovable
Movable

24. Immovable
Do not move!!
Found in between bones in the cranium

25. Types of Movable Joints

26. Ball & Socket
Allows movement in all directions
Ex: shoulder

27. Hinge
Allows movement in one plane (flex & extend)
Ex: elbow

28. Pivot
Allows rotation around an axis
Ex: found in neck

29. Sliding/Gliding Flat surfaces gliding across each other
Ex: found in between vertebrae