1. Diet, exercise and disease
4.2 Organisation

2. “People who exercise are healthier (less likely to develop non-communicable diseases) than those who don’t exercise.”
WHY?

4. Diet - the basics Healthy diets are balanced in the context of
Proteins – build muscle and cells
Carbohydrates- starch and sugars - energy
Fats and oils – cell membranes and energy
Minerals and vitamins - health
Fibre – helps food move through the intestine
Water – hydration of the body

5. Obesity How would you describe an obese person? Where does
being overweight
stop and obesity start?

6. Obesity – is also malnutrition
However it can be linked to a persons genes, some families are more likely to become overweight without careful dietary control, particularly when linked with poor exercise routine

7. TOO MUCH FOOD AND TOO LITLE EXERCISE WILL LEAD TO
Arthritis – worn joints
Diabetes – high blood sugar level
High blood pressure
Heart and blood vessel
disease (cardiovascular)

8. A question of balance To maintain your weight
Energy intake = energy output
Does a bricklayer need to eat more than a teacher?
Do Eskimos need to eat more high energy foods than us?

9. Height to weight ratio

10. Body mass index BMI = weight Kg ÷ height2 m2 BMI Categories:
Doctors can assess whether people are obese using BMI – however it is not totally reliable.
What is your BMI?
BMI = weight Kg ÷ height2 m2
BMI Categories:
Underweight = <18.5
Normal weight =
Overweight =
Obesity = BMI of 30 or greater

11. Fast foods
High in fats and salt –
not good if eaten to excess.

12. Research.
Read Topic 7.4 Diet, exercise, and disease in your student book.
You need to produce a flow diagram that will show the link between poor lifestyle choices and health.
Use the sticky notes to write down facts or information from the student book about the effects of eating too much unhealthy food and not taking enough exercise.
Now organise your facts into the following sequence:
Unhealthy lifestyle choices
Effect on the body
Health problems that result
Preventing the illness
The facts show a direct pathway that suggests causal links between the unhealthy lifestyle and the health problem. Remember that pathways may branch, for example, if there is more than one effect on the body from an unhealthy lifestyle choice.

13. Exam question

14. Mark scheme
M1.(a) (i) 64 (ii) 36 allow e.c.f from (i) i.e. 100 − answer given in (a)(i) (iii) any one from: • only considers 16-year-olds ignore lack of evidence allow does not refer to all ages • only about some / 5 countries allow does not refer to all countries. (b) the more exercise done the healthier a person is allow the more exercise done the higher the health rating allow the less exercise done the lower the health rating (c) having a high cholesterol level (d) (i) antibodies (ii) antibiotics [7]