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Anhydrous Ammonia
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Health hazards Irritant to mucous membranes
Corrosive effects from high levels Coughing and bronchial spasms 1a
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Health hazards Edema, strangulation, asphyxia
Rapidly fatal when concentrations are 5,000 to 10,000 ppm Immediately fatal when concentration is greater than 10,000ppm 1b
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Health hazards Chemical burn from vaporization of liquid ammonia
Workers with chronic respiratory problems/sensitivity should avoid ammonia exposure 1c
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Tank preparation for unloading operations
Reliable, trained workers only Set brake, block wheels 2a
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Tank preparation for unloading operations
Caution signs Size At least 12 inches (30 cm) by 15 inches (38 cm) Material Metal or comparable material 2b
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Tank preparation for unloading operations
Caution signs Wording STOP - Tank Car Connected STOP - Men at Work Lettering White on blue background At least 3.9 inches (10 cm) high Other words at least 2 inches (5 cm) high 2c
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Tank preparation for unloading operations
Tank car must be substantially level 2d
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Unloading tank cars Do not unload unless consigned for delivery and unloaded on private track Lading must be piped from car to permanent storage tanks when private track is not available 3a
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Unloading tank cars Delivery and removal of loaded unit tanks from a tank car DOT-106A or 110A is not allowed on carrier tracks Attendant must be present at all times during unloading, while connections are in place 3b
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Unloading tank cars Equipment for ammonia service Pumps Compressors
Backflow check valves Excess flow valves 3c
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Unloading tank cars Connections must be securely attached before unloading starts Remove unloading connection after completion of loading 3d
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Emergency procedures Ammonia leaks detected by odor
Know employee procedures in event of a leak 4a
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Emergency procedures Ammonia is lighter than air
Stay low to the ground, and move upwind 4b
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Emergency procedures Wear an emergency escape respirator, if available
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Summary of main points Hazards involved
Preparation for unloading of tank car Unloading procedures Emergency procedures 5a
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