1. Life in theTrenches

2. Learning Intentions
By the end of the lesson I will be able to understand how the trench system developed
I will be able to understand what life was like in the trenches for Scottish soldiers during World War One

3. Success Criteria
Using the information from a diagram in the PowerPoint I will be able to complete the labelling exercise using a blank template showing the cross section of a trench
From the PowerPoint I can take information and use this to make a mind map of what it was like to live in the trenches during World War One
Using the mind map that I have created I will be able to complete an exercise on creative writing about life in a trench

4. The Trench System

5. The Trench System parts
The British, French, German, Belgian, Russian and Austrian armies developed trench networks
They were built for purposes of defence
They had 3 rows of trenches
The Frontline trench
The support trench (the second line of defence)
The Reserve trench
These were linked together by a series of Communication trenches

6. Cross section of a trench
Sandbag walls & parapet
Machine gun nest
Barbed wire
Rear Revetment
Revetment
or bolt hole
Sump

7. Life in the Trenches Soldiers had a tough time living in the trenches.
They had to endure freezing cold, wet and rainy in autumn and winter.
In the summer it could be very hot and uncomfortable.
These though were the least of their worries.

8. Mindmap Task
Over the next few slides you will be asked to make a mind map of life in the trenches. It has been started for you.
Life in the Trenches

9. Dangers Copy out the following points:
Soldiers had to face “Going Over the Top”
This was the most dangerous problem for them as they were exposed in “No Mans Land”.
Being outside the trenches meant they could be killed by shell and machine gun fire.

10. Rats Trenches were built in a hurry without proper sanitation
Food, empty cans and dead bodies all attracted Rats
Rats could grow to huge sizes on all the food they had to eat in the trenches.
RATS IN THE TRENCHES

11. Lice Lice was a common part of life in the trenches
They lived on the uniforms of Soldiers
This caused them to feel itchy and scratch themselves
It caused an illness called “Trench Fever”
Symptoms were like a very bad case of Flu and included: fever, sickness, and diarrhoea

12. The picture show German soldiers removing lice from their uniforms

13. Waterlogged Trenches When it rained it was impossible to keep dry
Heavy rain meant that the trenches would fill up with water
Soldiers were not allowed to leave the Frontline trenches and would get soaked through
Standing in the waterlogged trenches led to a condition called Trench foot
Symptoms included; large blisters, numb and swollen feet
In extreme cases it could lead to feet being amputated

14. Effects of Trench Foot Severe case of Trench Foot
Early stages of Trench Foot

15. Effects of Trench Foot
This slide shows how the feet rot away after exposure to constant wet conditions

16. Dangers from Gas Gas was first used in 1915 by the Germans
There was no proper protection from this at first……until gas masks were invented
Gas was feared by the British and French troops
It caused peoples lungs to collapse and they drowned in the fluids from their own lungs
Later the British used Gas against the Germans at Loos
Types of Gas used
Chlorine Gas - used by Germany and Britain
Phosgene gas – used by France
Mustard Gas - Germany

17. Gas attack
The photo shows a Chlorine gas attack by the Germans during WW1

18. Victims of a Gas Attack
Poison gas could kill but it also caused blindness or damaged lungs or skin

19. Shell Shock
Constant shelling and the noise from this was blamed for shell shock
Victims were nervous and on edge all the time and found it hard to concentrate
They tired easily and had slower reactions
Shell Shock
Shell shock Recovery
This is a Shell Shock victim

20. 2017 Q17 (adapted)
Describe the conditions Scottish soldiers faced in the trenches

21. 2015 Q18 - Comparison

22. Comparison Q Structure
Overall, the sources agree/ disagree on… (list points of agreement/ disagreement)
In detail, Source A and B agree/ disagree on…Source A says ‘QUOTE’ and Source B says ‘QUOTE’. x3

23. Learning Intentions
By the end of the lesson I have been able to understand how the trench system developed
I have been able to understand what life was like in the trenches for Scottish soldiers during World War One from the information on the PowerPoint

24. Success Criteria
Using the information from a diagram in the PowerPoint I have been able to complete the labelling exercise using a blank template showing the cross section of a trench
From the PowerPoint I have taken information and used this to make a mind map of what it was like to live in the trenches during World War One
Using the mind map that I have created I have been able to complete an exercise on creative writing about life in a trench