1. LAW ENFORCEMENT Dr. Michael J. Palmiotto Professor of Criminal Justice Copyright © 2011, Michael J. Palmiotto, All Rights Reserved

2. HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF LAW ENFORCEMENT Copyright © 2011, Michael J. Palmiotto, All Rights Reserved

3. Objectives n Understand historical development of policing n Modern policing replaced ineffective system n Modern policing reflects professionalism Copyright © 2011, Michael J. Palmiotto, All Rights Reserved

4. Why is historic development important? Origin in primitive societies Evolutionary process Key issues of policing unpopular laws civil disorders ambiguous laws Copyright © 2011, Michael J. Palmiotto, All Rights Reserved

5. How did police role develop into its present function? Do you know the role of women and minorities has changed in policing throughout the decades? Copyright © 2011, Michael J. Palmiotto, All Rights Reserved

6. Why is an understanding of the development of Law Enforcement important to the professional? Professionals who have an understanding can be creative in improving the field and avoiding the errors of past police agencies and individuals. Copyright © 2011, Michael J. Palmiotto, All Rights Reserved

7. Ancient & Feudal Periods n Traced to ancient times n Kin police –Formal –informal process Copyright © 2011, Michael J. Palmiotto, All Rights Reserved

8. Ancient & Feudal Periods continued n Code of Hammurabi n Mosaic Law –Natural Law –Human Law Copyright © 2011, Michael J. Palmiotto, All Rights Reserved

9. Ancient & Feudal Periods continued n Mala en se n Mala en prohibita Copyright © 2011, Michael J. Palmiotto, All Rights Reserved

10. Early Greek States n First to develop city policing n Pistratusestablished guard system n Dracocodified laws of Athens n PlatoLaws –Categorized crime according to time –Various degrees of homicide –rehabilitation Copyright © 2011, Michael J. Palmiotto, All Rights Reserved

11. Romans n Twelve Tables –Judicial procedures –Parental rights –Inheritance –Ownership –Torts –confessions Copyright © 2011, Michael J. Palmiotto, All Rights Reserved

12. Romans continued n PraetorResponsible for administering justice n Legeslaws passed by the emperor or senate n Senatus consultadegrees passed by the senate Copyright © 2011, Michael J. Palmiotto, All Rights Reserved

13. Romans continued n Praetorian Guard protect life and property of emperor n Urban cohorts keep the peace of Rome n Preafectus urbiprefect of the city n Vigiles of Romefirefighting responsibilities Copyright © 2011, Michael J. Palmiotto, All Rights Reserved