1. Structure and Function
Chapter 29 Plant
Structure and Function

2. Three Types of Plant Cells
Collenchyma
Irregular cell walls
Support in growing parts of plants
Sclerenchyma
Thick, rigid cell walls
Support and strength
Pits and shells
Parenchyma
Thin, Flexible Cube-shaped cells
Photosynthesis
Stores water and nutrients
Healing
Fleshy parts of fruit
Plant with nonwoody stems

3. Dermal tissue system
Epidermis- outside covering that provides protection
Cuticle prevents water loss
Stomata-allows gas exchange
Produces Cork in woody stems

4. Ground Tissue system Support Stores water, sugar, and starch
Contains many chloroplast for photosynthesis

5. Vascular tissue-xylem
Transports water and nutrients from roots upward
Types
Tracheids
Vessel elements

6. Vascular tissue-phloem
Transports sugars throughout tht plant in any direction
Example-sieve tube members

7. Meristem tissue system
Lateral meristems-increase in diameter
Vascular cambium
Cork cambium-produces cork
Apical meristems-increase in length

8. ORGANS-ROOTS FUNCTIONS Anchor plant in soil Absorb water/nutrients
Store water and carbohydrates
Name 2 environmental functions of roots.

9. Types of roots Taproot-central fleshy root
Fibrous roots -branching root system
Aeriel roots-climbing roots
Prop roots-above ground roots that support tall plants

10. Root Structures Root cap-produces a slimy lubricant (??importance??)
Root hairs-extensions that increase the absorption of water and nutrients

11. Structure of Roots

12. ORGANS-STEMS Types of stems Store nutrients
Woody-support; strength
Fleshy-store water; photosynthesis
Succulents-water storage; photosynthesis
Tubers-food storage
Stolons-grow along surface to produce new plants
Thorny-protection
Store nutrients
Transport nutrients and water
support leaves for photosynthesis

13. Modified Stems

14. Stem structures Node-point where leaf attaches
Bud-can develop into a new shoot system

15. Dicots-xylem and phloem in rings
Monocot-scattered in xylem and phloem

16. Organ-Leaf
Photosynthesis
Protection
Conserve water

17. Variety of leaves Tendrils- support climbing plants
Spines-protection, reduce water loss
Tubular-food traps (pitcher plant)

18. Leaf structures Veins-vascular tissue that extend into blade
Stomata and cuticle
Blade-site of photosynthesis
Petiole-stalk that attaches leaf to stem

19. Leaf classification-blade
Simple
Compound leaf-divided into leaflets
Doubly compounded-divided leaflets

20. Leaf classification-margins